/vt/ - Virtual Youtubers

>>50050665
Lithium bromide was used as a sedative beginning in the early 1900s. However, it fell into disfavour in the 1940s due to the rising popularity of safer and more efficient sedatives (specifically, barbiturates) and when some heart patients died after using a salt substitute (see lithium chloride).[9] Like lithium carbonate and lithium chloride, it was used as a treatment for bipolar disorder.

From 1954 - 1977, the Australian biochemist Shirley Andrews was researching safe ways to use lithium for the treatment of manic depressive illnesses while working at the Royal Park Psychiatric Hospital in Victoria. While conducting this research she discovered that bromide caused symptoms of mental illness, leading to a major reduction in its usage.
Further information: Potassium bromide

Bromide compounds, especially potassium bromide, were frequently used as sedatives in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Their use in over-the-counter sedatives and headache remedies (such as Bromo-Seltzer) in the United States extended to 1975 when bromides were withdrawn as ingredients due to chronic toxicity. This use gave the word "bromide" its colloquial connotation of a comforting cliché.

It has been said that during World War I, British soldiers were given bromide to curb their sexual urges. Lord Dunsany mentions a soldier being given bromide as a sedative for nervous exhaustion and overwork in his play Fame and the Poet (1919).

Bromide salts are used in hot tubs as mild germicidal agents to generate in situ hypobromite

The bromide ion is antiepileptic and as bromide salt, is used in veterinary medicine in the US. The kidneys excrete bromide ions. The half-life of bromide in the human body (12 days) is long compared with many pharmaceuticals, making dosing challenging to adjust. (A new dose may require several months to reach equilibrium.) Bromide ion concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid are about 30% of those in blood and are strongly influenced by the body's chloride intake and metabolism.

Since bromide is still used in veterinary medicine in the United States, veterinary diagnostic labs can routinely measure blood bromide levels. However, this is not a conventional test in human medicine in the US since there are no FDA-approved uses for the bromide. Therapeutic bromide levels are measured in European countries like Germany, where bromide is still used therapeutically in human epilepsy.

Bromide is rarely mentioned in the biochemical context. Some enzymes use bromide as substrate or as a cofactor.
Substrate

Bromoperoxidase enzymes use bromide (typically in seawater) to generate electrophilic brominating agents Hundreds of organobromine compounds are generated by this process. Notable examples are bromoform, thousands of tons of which are produced annually in this way. The historical dye Tyrian purple is produced by similar enzymatic reactions.
Cofactor

In one specialized report, bromide is an essential cofactor in the peroxidising catalysis of sulfonimine crosslinks in collagen IV. This post-translational modification occurs in all animals and bromine is an essential trace element for humans.

Eosinophils need bromide for fighting multicellular parasites. Hypobromite is produced via eosinophil peroxidase, an enzyme that can use chloride but preferentially uses bromide.

The average concentration of bromide in human blood in Queensland, Australia, is 5.3±1.4 mg/L and varies with age and gender. Much higher levels may indicate exposure to brominated chemicals. It is also found in seafood.

GLADOS MARIRIN DAISUKI!!!

>>41229126
Of course, we are not that much different, you and I.

Here it is, the final /nijiEN/ roster vote for /vt/ League 4! Thanks to all the anons who submitted players and chants! Top 23 will make the team:

https://forms.gle/8b3jLsFG5UgEqswm7
https://forms.gle/8b3jLsFG5UgEqswm7
https://forms.gle/8b3jLsFG5UgEqswm7

>>40103757
Happy new year!

>>39887515
And to understand why, we need to know more about Zebras.

Zebras (US: /ˈziːbrəz/, UK: /ˈzɛbrəz, ˈziː-/) (subgenus Hippotigris) are African equines with distinctive black-and-white striped coats. There are three living species: the Grévy's zebra (Equus grevyi), plains zebra (E. quagga), and the mountain zebra (E. zebra). Zebras share the genus Equus with horses and asses, the three groups being the only living members of the family Equidae. Zebra stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual. Several theories have been proposed for the function of these stripes, with most evidence supporting them as a deterrent for biting flies. Zebras inhabit eastern and southern Africa and can be found in a variety of habitats such as savannahs, grasslands, woodlands, shrublands, and mountainous areas.

Zebras are primarily grazers and can subsist on lower-quality vegetation. They are preyed on mainly by lions, and typically flee when threatened but also bite and kick. Zebra species differ in social behaviour, with plains and mountain zebra living in stable harems consisting of an adult male or stallion, several adult females or mares, and their young or foals; while Grévy's zebra live alone or in loosely associated herds. In harem-holding species, adult females mate only with their harem stallion, while male Grévy's zebras establish territories which attract females and the species is promiscuous. Zebras communicate with various vocalisations, body postures and facial expressions. Social grooming strengthens social bonds in plains and mountain zebras.

Zebras' dazzling stripes make them among the most recognisable mammals. They have been featured in art and stories in Africa and beyond. Historically, they have been highly sought after by exotic animal collectors, but unlike horses and donkeys, zebras have never been truly domesticated. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the Grévy's zebra as endangered, the mountain zebra as vulnerable and the plains zebra as near-threatened. The quagga (E. quagga quagga), a type of plains zebra, was driven to extinction in the 19th century. Nevertheless, zebras can be found in numerous protected areas.

The English name "zebra" derives from Italian, Spanish or Portuguese. Its origins may lie in the Latin equiferus, meaning "wild horse". Equiferus appears to have entered into Portuguese as ezebro or zebro, which was originally used for a legendary equine in the wilds of the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. In 1591, Italian explorer Filippo Pigafetta recorded "zebra" being used to refer to the African animals by Portuguese visitors to the continent. In ancient times, the African zebra was called hippotigris ("horse tiger") by the Greeks and Romans.

The word "zebra" was traditionally pronounced with a long initial vowel, but over the course of the 20th century the pronunciation with the short initial vowel became the norm in the UK and the Commonwealth. The pronunciation with a long initial vowel remains standard in US English.

Zebras are classified in the genus Equus (known as equines) along with horses and asses. These three groups are the only living members of the family Equidae. The plains zebra and mountain zebra were traditionally placed in the subgenus Hippotigris (C. H. Smith, 1841) in contrast to the Grévy's zebra which was considered the sole species of subgenus Dolichohippus (Heller, 1912). Groves and Bell (2004) placed all three species in the subgenus Hippotigris. A 2013 phylogenetic study found that the plains zebra is more closely related to Grévy's zebras than mountain zebras. The extinct quagga was originally classified as a distinct species. Later genetic studies have placed it as the same species as the plains zebra, either a subspecies or just the southernmost population. Molecular evidence supports zebras as a monophyletic lineage.

Equus originated in North America and direct paleogenomic sequencing of a 700,000-year-old middle Pleistocene horse metapodial bone from Canada implies a date of 4.07 million years ago (mya) for the most recent common ancestor of the equines within the range of 4.0 to 4.5 mya. Horses split from asses and zebras around this time and equines colonised Eurasia and Africa around 2.1–3.4 mya. Zebras and asses diverged from each other close to 2 mya. The mountain zebra diverged from the other species around 1.6 mya and the plains and Grévy's zebra split 1.4 mya.

>>39841901
True, he's also the best character in that fucking game. Everyone else is some experimental stereotype to parody DnD characters.

This is a thread for the discussion of Nijisanji EN's female vtubers from the waves of Lazulight, Obsydia, Ethyria, Iluna, and XSOLEIL.

Lazulight:
https://twitter.com/PomuRainpuff
https://twitter.com/EliraPendora
https://twitter.com/3W1W4 (alt)
https://twitter.com/FinanaRyugu
https://twitter.com/RyuguFinana (alt)

Obsydia:
https://twitter.com/Rosemi_Lovelock
https://twitter.com/Petra_Gurin
https://twitter.com/Selen_Tatsuki

Ethyria:
https://twitter.com/MillieParfait
https://twitter.com/EnnaAlouette
https://twitter.com/NinaKosaka
https://twitter.com/ReimuEndou

Iluna:
https://twitter.com/MariaMari0nette
https://twitter.com/AiaAmare
https://twitter.com/ScarleYonaguni

XSOLEIL:
https://twitter.com/ZaionLanZa
https://twitter.com/MelocoKyoran
https://twitter.com/KotokaTorahime


Teamup schedule for Nijisanji EN:
https://teamup.com/ks1mraas71v3fjf1c2
https://walfie.github.io/niji-en-pinned/
https://nijien.vercel.app/

To watch streams at the same time:
https://holodex.net/
https://pomuhub.com/
https://niji-mado.web.app/home
Open devtools (F12 key), go to console tab, input the following code, then refresh the page.
localStorage.setItem('rulePauseOther', 0);
You only need to do this once, or until your browser data is cleared.

Reminder to ignore bait, shitposting, samefags, discordfags, numberfags, tribalfags and falseflaggers.

Previous thread: >>39446317

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmxyNnlstBI
Stream C△NDY

>>29191298
Maria WILL become Japanese