/CG/ - Chemistry General

[Ester !!2Nux3hObmJ/ No.8366280]

Welcome to /CG/ - Chem General Vol. 1
Primarily for the purpose of discussing Chemistry, asking Chemistry related questions and showing off Chemsitry related pictures, videos or academic accomplishments.

[Ester !!2Nux3hObmJ/ No.8366283]

Why do I never undestsnd anything in class

[Anonymous No.8366337]

>>8366283
why tripfag lad

[Ester !!2Nux3hObmJ/ No.8366342]

>>8366337
So in 3 years from now, when this general has 60-70 individual posters a thread I can say I was the first

[Anonymous No.8366395]

what was the point of this thread?

[Ester !!2Nux3hObmJ/ No.8366417]

>>8366395
Do you like chemistry

[Anonymous No.8366430]

>>8366395
>Primarily for the purpose of discussing Chemistry, asking Chemistry related questions and showing off Chemsitry related pictures, videos or academic accomplishments.

Not tricky

[Anonymous No.8366925]

So I'm trying to analyze the trend of electron affinities of atoms using the qm model of the atom. I get why the period two elements have a less negative EA than the period three based off of proximity of electrons in the 2p orbital vs the 3p orbital, but then as the principal quantum magnetic number increases the atomic radius increases more so and thus the EA becomes less negative. Except for with the Nitrogen family, as astatine's EA is lower than phosphorus' but germanium is higher than silicon, selenium's is higher than sulfur's and so forth. Why does this occur? And why is it corrected for bismuth, which also coincidentally breaks the half filled p orbital trend in being harder to accept an electron?

[Anonymous No.8367349]

Hey guys I need to write a research proposal in the field of nanomaterials or supramolecular chemistry. It's just for an exam I'm not actually going to end up doing it. So currently I'm looking for a problem to solve and I came up with the separation of metals from eachother. Apparently getting to really high purities is pretty difficult since the separation of some metals from eachother is pretty impossible. I was thinking that maybe with some specific nanostructure or supramolecular assembly you could get a high affinity for a specific metal ion but I need to look more into it. Does anybody else maybe have any ideas?

>>8366925
There clearly is something weird going on with the p-block. I'm not a quantum chemist but I think the trends are not supposed to look like that

[Anonymous No.8367363]

Where can I buy potassium nitrite in New Zealand?

[Anonymous No.8367373]

has anyone here ever made their own drugs?

[Anonymous No.8367439]

>>8367363
Industrial food suppliers, E249

[Anonymous No.8367459]

considering switching programs from molecular biology to chemistry

should I do it

[Anonymous No.8367486]

>>8366342
Makes sense

[Anonymous No.8367487]

How long does it take to be able to turn conformers around in your mind with ease?

[Anonymous No.8367518]

>>8367373
Yes

>>8367459
Yes

[Anonymous No.8367660]

>>8366925
First of all its arsenic. Second of all, not sure. You see a similar effect for the transition metals (just look at d5) so my first thought would be something to do with that but I couldn't tell you what

[Anonymous No.8367673]

>>8367349
Structure itself wouldn't give you affinity for an ion but if you could find something with strong affinity you could design a structure that incorporates that and provides improvement.
Honestly it sounds like you're grasping at straws. Read a few nano papers and see if you get any interesting ideas. Remember a lot of science is just babystep improvements.
I read one the other day on nanofibers embedded in a hydrogel that would extend and entrap nanoparticles when heated. Maybe something like that?

[Anonymous No.8367675]

>>8367459
Both are shit. Do engineering

[Anonymous No.8367718]

>>8367673
Yeah I still have to read a lot more papers, I guess I'll just start looking at ACS Nano and see what I like. It would be nice to have some problem to solve though since that's what the professor suggested. I'm pretty sure he favors fantasy over feasibility since he keeps posting that Einstein quote

>Imagination is more important than knowledge.

[Anonymous No.8367808]

>>8367518
which ins

[Anonymous No.8367814]

>>8367675
>formula sheets and tables are better than zigzags and curly arrows

[Anonymous No.8367913]

Anyone familiar with Paul Weiss?

[Anonymous No.8367918]

>>8367373
How feasible is it to buy all that metal framework and tubing etc for a home lab

[Anonymous No.8368241]

>>8367808
MDA, DMT, 5-MeO-DALT, methoxetamine.
pic related is a fun proof of concept but there needs to be a reworked approach for better stereocontrol and it'll be far from economically feasible until we build a wall.

[Anonymous No.8368512]

>>8367675
I like engineering actually, thing is I can seamlessly switch to chemistry, while switching to eng would be a pita

[Anonymous No.8368640]

>>8368512
Why not Chem engineering

[Anonymous No.8368652]

>>8367918
>metal

[Anonymous No.8368679]

>>8368652
Metal is, by far, the most difficult to acquire component of a clandestine lab. Its distribution is tightly controlled and largely restricted to practicing transition element chemists and industry professionals.
Shulgin, for instance, had to painstakingly prepare the metal you see here himself

[Anonymous No.8368725]

>>8368679

why did he need that much metal for? specificly

[Anonymous No.8368752]

>>8368679
nah man i mean the pipes or whatever to clamp stuff

[Anonymous No.8368795]

>>8368752
Yeah, I know.
You generally have to be a licensed chemical engineer to even be allowed near pipes like that

[Anonymous No.8368803]

xDxdxzxDDDDXS!!!!!!

[Anonymous No.8368805]

I work part time in my university's stockroom, which consists of me preparing solutions for undergraduate labs and providing chemicals and glassware to research students. I'm pretty much the go-to guy for my boss, and it became pretty apparent why this week.

We had a lab that required 30L of solution throughout the week, but we only had storage for 13, so we had to constantly make more solution every day. I made the initial 13L, and I never touched it after that. On the last day, one of the professors came in complaining about inconsistent numbers, and a weird precipitate. It turns out that one of the people working in the stockroom prepared all of the solutions with tap water, instead of distilled.

We really need to have some sort of test before we let these people in.

[Anonymous No.8368876]

>>8367373
what books do i need to read to become like this fellow?

[Anonymous No.8368896]

>>8367718
By all means do something you come up with but man those papers are kind of your toolbox. See if theres anything available in the industrial papers on metal purification and dig into it

[Anonymous No.8368912]

neet trying to UNJUST here
How do I prepare myself for college chem? I've become very interested in it lately but I don't remember much from my highschool days and I really want to give this a go next year.

[Anonymous No.8369092]

>>8368912

Take the requisite math if you haven't already. It's just algebra. Take an Introduction to General Chemistry course.

After that, take a bit more math, then a year of General Chemistry and labs.

If you want to major in chemistry, continue studying math and take Organic Chemistry, and eventually physical chemistry and all that shit.

Chemistry is hard, but the reality is that it's just a lot of work. It's the comfiest science, because you can just sit and read and do problems all day and then go collect your A on exams because you're well prepared.

[Anonymous No.8369095]

Starting my first quarter of Organic Chemistry, lads. What should I expect? Everyone keeps telling me that you need to be a goddamn genius to get an A in the class, but I got As in gen. chem, so I feel relatively confident

[Anonymous No.8369215]

>>8369095
Don't try to brute force memorize anything like you can do in gen chem. Actually study and learn the mechanisms and nomenclature and you'll be fine.

[Anonymous No.8369228]

>>8368803
>tfw I'm ChemEng and can make meth

[Anonymous No.8369242]

>>8369228
Get on my level scrub

[Anonymous No.8369254]

>>8366280
What hardware is the most cost-effective for computational chemistry on a tight (<$1000) budget?

[Anonymous No.8369273]

>>8369242
how do you learn/get better at biosynthesis?

[Anonymous No.8369289]

>>8369092
>It's just algebra.
I know I'm late, but are there textbooks for general chemistry that don't focus (much) on calculus, at least to begin with?

The book recommended by MIT OpenCourseWare for general chemistry had some nasty looking integrals when I flicked through it.

[Anonymous No.8369322]

>>8369289
https://openstax.org/details/chemistry

[Anonymous No.8369600]

>>8368805
jesus christ why

[Anonymous No.8369601]

>>8368876
his own books are a good start

[Anonymous No.8369622]

Finally a decent chemistry thread! I have something I'd like to discuss with you. Working as a tutor for chemistry undergrads, biology undergrads and medfags, I noticed how a lot of people study chemistry the hard way, only memorising stuff without knowing why certain reactions take place or why atoms have the properties they do. The best answer I ever got in a class was "because there's an orbital thingy there" and I've heard way worse , believe me.
My question is, do you think that, at least for undergrads, the theoretical foundations of chemistry should be more emphasised? I live in Germany here and my university offers theoretical chemistry as a compulsory course for the bachelor's degree, however, it is only being taught in sophomore year when people have already gotten through inorganic and organic chemistry 101. From what I heard, some universities don't even teach it at all until people get to their master's degree. Do you think this needs to change? How do we tackle the issue with non-chemistry students? I'm afraid we're raising chemistry brainlets, it's really sad.

[Anonymous No.8369624]

>>8368241
>methoxetamine
proofs?

[Anonymous No.8369646]

What's the most fascinating branch of chemistry?

[Anonymous No.8369701]

>>8369646
I'm not too deep into it because I'm still an undergrad but I love biochemistry and especially molecular virology. The fact that statistical mutation of the genome, together with evolutional pressure has produced non-living pieces of proteins and DNA/RNA that can hijack a cell's metabolism is really impressive.

[Anonymous No.8369730]

>>8368241
Did you do this in a research lab or at home?

[Anonymous No.8369744]

>>8369273

Read a book, nigger

[Anonymous No.8369834]

>>8369242
>Day 13 - My attempts to clone "unidentified hydroxylase" into e. coli have so far proven unsuccessful.

[Anonymous No.8369911]

>>8369600
I'm guessing that they were just fresh out of the first year. In those labs, all of your solutions are prepared. Thus, they have never made a solution. The guy who works before me said the labs were out of 3M HCl. We have at least 8L of stock 6M HCl

"Why didn't you take the 6M we have and prepare some?"
"I didn't know how"

How do these people think they were ready for this job?

[Anonymous No.8369918]

>>8369622
Definitely, it should be. I've tutored kids in chemistry as well, and they never actually know what's going on. For a lot of people, they fake it 'til they make it. For the kids I tutored, though, they all walked away a lot more comfortable with the material.

[Anonymous No.8370133]

doing general chemistry 1
(basically high school shit)
know nothing about chemistry
where do i start?

[Anonymous No.8370150]

>>8367487
Not too long. If you have a good imagination that's all there is too it. Then you practice.

[Anonymous No.8370153]

>>8370133
you start by getting off /sci/

[Anonymous No.8370164]

>>8367459
Easy mode

Do chemical engineering, all the "fun" of chemistry and engineering combined.

[Anonymous No.8370174]

>>8370133
Have a look at the sticky of this board. IFyouhav e more specific questions, post em here.

[Anonymous No.8370188]

There seem to be a handful of videos about mechanisms in drug synthesis here, examples from Pihkal etc

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtw4iMTF8jalh1klTY3ah6A

Does anyone know why only some of the LAH reductions in Pihkal are run under a He atmosphere and using AlH3 formed in-situ by adding sulfuric acid to the mixture? It almost seems like there were two experimentalists at one point.

[Anonymous No.8370537]

Prove how smart you are and solve #9 you brainlets

[Anonymous No.8370563]

>>8370537
Insert it into the Schrödinger equation. We're not spoonfeeding here.

[Anonymous No.8370614]

>>8370537
now, I'm not a physics student but is it essentially asking if the linear combination of any two eigenvectors of a linear operator is an eigenvector of that operator? because if it is then this is a trivial question.

[Anonymous No.8370641]

>>8370537
[eqn]\hat{H}\psi_{n}(x)=E_{n}\psi_{n}(x)[/eqn]
Substitute [math]\psi_{n}(x)=c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)[/math]
With [math]\hat{H}\psi_{1}(x)=E_{1}\psi_{1}(x)[/math] and [math]\hat{H}\psi_{2}(x)=E_{2}\psi_{2}(x)[/math]
[eqn]\hat{H}(c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+c_{2}\psi_{2}(x))=E_{n}(c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+c_{2}\psi_{2}(x))
\\
\hat{H}c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+\hat{H}c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)=E_{n}(c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+c_{2}\psi_{2}(x))
\\
E_{1}c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+E_{2}c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)=E_{n}(c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+c_{2}\psi_{2}(x))
\\
E_{1}c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+E_{2}c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)=E_{n}c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)+E_{n}c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)
\\
E_{1}c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)-E_{n}c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)=E_{n}c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)-E_{2}c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)
\\
c_{1}\psi_{1}(x)(E_{1}-E_{n})=c_{2}\psi_{2}(x)(E_{n}-E_{2})[/eqn]
Since per definition, [math]E_{n}\neq{}E_{1}\neq{}E_{2}[/math], the above equation is not satisfied. Now, tell us, what's happening, brainlet :^)

[Anonymous No.8370649]

>>8370614
It essentially is. The solutions would be [math]c_{1}=\sqrt{2}=-c_{2}[/math] and [math]c_{2}=\sqrt{2}=-c_{1}[/math], which is the explanation for the different "signs" within a given wavefunction, as well as the basic for Pauli's Principle.

[Anonymous No.8370663]

Biochemfag here. Anybody else having trouble understanding NMR? I mean I get that when you put nuclei with 1/2 spin in a strong magnetic field, some magic shit happens and one spin will have lower energy, but what the fuck is all the rest about? What is going on in a 2D spectrum? What is all this relaxation shit about?

[Anonymous No.8370680]

>>8370537

Correct me if I'm wrong.

Eigenstates must have the same energy, thus be degenerate. There is no energy degeneracy for 1-D systems in qm (just like our box) so it must be that they are the same eigenstate n=m, and the two coefficients add to 1.

[Anonymous No.8370686]

>>8369228
>tfw i'm a ChemEng and can make pipes

ftwfffyfwyfftyfwyftfy

[Anonymous No.8370694]

CAN ANYONE tell me why buffering only works for strong bases and weak acids, and not vice-versa?

[Anonymous No.8370695]

>>8369646
Had a lecture the other day on paleoclimatology, pretty cool

Prebiotic chemistry is also pretty fascinating

Biochemistry in general is pretty great, biocatalysis especially fascinates me. Every time somebody compares the selectivity and conversion of some enzymatic reaction compared to what we have accomplished using inorganic chemistry its pretty hilarious. Usually not even a fraction of the selectivity is reached.

It's why my synthetic organic chemistry prof tells me we are pretty much hundreds of years behind when compared to mother nature.

But the thing is, the lab work for all these things is pretty boring. Nonetheless I go to lectures on this whenever I can since the conclusions are interesting as fuck

[Anonymous No.8370708]

>>8369646
Energetic materials lol

[Anonymous No.8370742]

20ml of 0.20 M Sodium acetate is titrated with 0.11 hcl, what is the ph after the addition of 50 ml of hcl?

Kb = 5.6e-10

[Anonymous No.8370749]

>>8370742
who cares

[Anonymous No.8370760]

>>8370749
Me
Please give me the answer I'll zuck ya dick

[Anonymous No.8370777]

>>8370760
Get the amount of H+ in moles in 0.11 M 50 mL HCl

subtract the amount of OH- in moles in 0.20 M Sodium acetate

divide that by 70 mL to get the concentration of H+

take the -log

[Anonymous No.8370785]

>>8368795
>>8368679
You can literally buy pipes (of several different metals) at Walmart and Home Depot.

[Anonymous No.8370801]

>>8370742
don't need the Kb or Ka

- log10[((0.11M * 0.050L) - (0.20M * 0.020L))/(0.020L + 0.050)]
= 1.7

[Anonymous No.8370804]

Is it time to get into immunoglobulines, lads?
>>8370774

>>8370801
uh

>acetic acid
>strong acid
Lad???

[Anonymous No.8370810]

>>8370801
Fuck. Ignore everything I wrote, how can I make such a basic error

lmfao

youre right

[Anonymous No.8370896]

>>8369834
lmao

are random FDA approved protein-drugs the only economically viable things to produce in e-coli/CHO batches??

and second, will home biomanufacture ever be feasible, i.e. with bentolab??

[Anonymous No.8370898]

>>8370686
truth

[Anonymous No.8370917]

If I am getting low yields in a synth, could it be because I am using tap water instead of distilled water? Or is distilled water just a meme?

[Anonymous No.8370932]

>>8370742
It's 2.8 but I won't tell you why.

[Anonymous No.8370933]

>>8370917
why the fuck would you use tap water?

In any case, it depends on the type of reaction you're running, and it depends on what's in your tap water.

[Anonymous No.8370957]

>>8370917
lol

[Anonymous No.8370958]

Should I go to university for Biochem or Electrical Computer Engineering?

[Anonymous No.8370985]

>>8370958
Take a basic course in each and then decide.

[Anonymous No.8370998]

>>8370742
What is pH a measure of?

What is the reaction between sodium acetate and HCl - how will this effect the pH?

Then just do math.

>>8370917
>is distilled water just a meme?
.... wut.

>>8370958
Why are you interested in those fields?

[Anonymous No.8371009]

>>8370998
>Why are you interested in those fields?
Because I want to know which of the two contributes to society more.

[Anonymous No.8371159]

>>8371009
People contribute to society not degrees.

[Anonymous No.8371169]

>>8370958
Electrical or Computer Engineering?

[Anonymous No.8371181]

>>8371159
If you want to make a difference in the world pick the one that you're more passionate about but also excel at. >>8370985 is good advice

[Anonymous No.8371198]

We are doing molecular orbitals and hybridzation in my chemistry course right now.

What are some good, interesting questions to ask my professor? I don't have any right now, but I'm trying to think of some which will make sure I don't have any misunderstanding with material

[Anonymous No.8371206]

>>8370663
It is basically the spin of the nucleus changing direction. The direction in which the spin shows is rotating. If you are placing a coil "near" the nucleus, you then induce an electric current of a certain frequency in the wire which is documented by a sensor. In 1H-NMR, you take the frequencies of tetramethylsilane (TMS) as a reference and divide the difference between the frequency for TMS and your measured frequency by the TMS frequency. That gives you your "chemical shift" in ppm (parts per million, 10^(-6)). You can to this with every nucleus that has a spin that's not zero. The most common ones are 1H, and 13C. There are a lot of other ones, though: 15N, 17O, 19F, 29Si, 31P, 195Pt, 205Tl, ... These are called "NMR sensitive nuclei".
The 2D-NMR is for assigning 1H-signals to 13C signals. In the plot you get, a spot means that those nuclei are connected. The amount of bonds they are away depends on the kind of 2D-NMR you're doing. You usually do those for one or two bonds.
Before turning on your big magnet in NMR, the spins of your nuclei are statistically distributed (some up, some down) but overall, it evens out. When turning on the magnet, the spins all show in the same direction (see above). After turning off the magnet again, the spins of the nuclei go back to their statistical distribution of up/down. This process is called "relaxation".

I don't know if I got all of this right, my lecture on NMR was last year. Hope that helps, though.

[Anonymous No.8371219]

quick sci!

i got a retarded question

if i have 2 moles of BaOH2, does that mean there are actually 4 moles of OH in solution?

pls no bully

[Anonymous No.8371222]

>>8371198
Oh fuck off, how are we supposed to tell you what you don't understand?

[Anonymous No.8371226]

>>8370694
It works with weak acids/bases and their conjugates. I don't know where you got the idea that strong bases/acids are involved at all.

[Anonymous No.8371229]

>>8370917
>Distilled water
>Meme
Ufoknwotm8
Unless your compound is unsoluble in water, NEVER use tap water (and even then, you might set yourself up for trouble). Always go for distilled water. Tap water is for plebs and should be reserved for running your cooler.

[Anonymous No.8371238]

>>8371219
Yes. A mole is just a unit used for counting things (like a "dozen"). So, one "mole" Ba(OH)2 consists of one mole Ba2+ and two moles OH-.

[Anonymous No.8371258]

>>8371222
By common misunderstandings students tend to have?

[Anonymous No.8371267]

>>8371238
thxm8

[Anonymous No.8371314]

>>8366280
Anyone here good with transfer functions.

Like how to get your closed loop sensitivity functions from your open loop transfer function?

Trying to design a simple controller for a salt mixing tank, right now I have a general form in terms of laplace but i forget all my control systems shit:

(t * s + 1) C(s) = K_1 * X(s) + K_2 * C_i(s)

[Anonymous No.8371316]

>>8369228
Anyone can make meth

[Anonymous No.8371321]

>>8371314
Eh actually thats my open loop transfer function I think. Defined X(s) as the control response of an actuator valve I think.

[Anonymous No.8371338]

>>8369228
Please. ChemE's don't demean themselves with small-scale meth cooking. We create an industrial process that can keep an entire continent supplied with meth with 1000% profit margins at current market price. Even better if we can pull all of the precursors from the sewage of a large South American city.

Doing lil' baby reactions on a pocket-change budget is best left to the Chemists.

[Anonymous No.8371346]

>>8367718
If you're looking at metal purification of similar sized elements, I would personally consider looking at anions that form readily between one or both of the metals in question, then dissolving the ceramic/salt that's more soluble. From there you can just burn and melt the metallic substance out.

[Anonymous No.8371347]

>>8366280
>am in babby o chem II

Hey guise Diels Alder is cool stuff

[Anonymous No.8371677]

Time for bumping!

[Anonymous No.8371814]

Fuck analytical chemistry

[Anonymous No.8371835]

>>8370896
You can have the microbes express enzymes from various natural pathways of interest, maintain cultures and grow them in vats with a feedstock. It's like brewing your own beer, only you have to work it up, and properly aerate depending in what you're doing
>protein-drugs
Pic related is a good biomimetic synthesis. The product is produced much more slowly in people with defective MTHFR alleles, which has rate-limiting implications in monoamine synthesis. Supplementation is an effective treatment.
>will home biomanufacture ever be feasible
The OpenPCR thermocycler is 600 bucks and runs open source software. Some hardware can be improvised (you don't need a $2000 "gel documentation system") but its an expensive hobby if you don't see returns

[Anonymous No.8372277]

>>8367673
>Structure itself wouldn't give you affinity for an ion

Yes it would, there are plenty of specific ion binders based on shape, like this pentagonal structure that very strongly binds a chloride ion

http://www.nature.com/nchem/journal/v4/n9/abs/nchem.1407.html

Not to mention whole rafts of tetrahedral supramolecular cages that can selectively encapsulate all sorts of things.

[Anonymous No.8372359]

>>8368241

You are claiming to have made DMT?

Via the oxalyl chloride route or some other route?

[Anonymous No.8372508]

>>8372359
Borohydride methylation, actually.
You're somewhat limited since the tryptamine skeleton is rather acid-liable. The classic formaldehyde/formic acid reduction competitively forms a toxic ring closure product (Pictet-Spengler,) for example.
Tryptophan is a dirt-cheap feedstock, so much so that poor-yielding, temperamental decarboxylations stay economical.

[Anonymous No.8372539]

Should I go into Chem or Biochem?

[Anonymous No.8372591]

>>8371206
I appreciate the effort but... The thing is, I still have no idea how those magical J-couplings or NOEs somehow end up making symmetric dots on a plot, or how you assign them to a specific atom in the molecule.

[Anonymous No.8372636]

>>8371198
Its really up to you to come up with your own questions to test your current understanding. Try looking at discussion questions in your textbook.

>>8371814
It's reading screens bruh how hard is that

>>8372539
Do you like biology?

[Anonymous No.8372645]

>>8366925
has to do with how electrons arrange themselves in the orbitals, its not always simply stack em up.

[Anonymous No.8372694]

>>8372508
>8372508

Cyanoborohydride + formaldehyde?

[Anonymous No.8372714]

I want to make some cannabis oil. It's for medical purposes so I won't decarb it.
My plan is to:
> Chop the buds
> Mix with some sort of alcohol (still deciding which)
> Put mixture in glass container in hot bath
> Wait for alcohol to evaporate.
-Wondering if this last step will in fact decarb the contents.
-Wondering if I can mix that with olive oil and wait until all alcohol has evaporated (I'm not really into alcohol and would like to avoid taking any if possible)
-Wondering if there is any better way to extract the oil. I'm not up to using butane or acetone since it just seems too risky.

[Anonymous No.8372988]

>>8372694
Formaldehyde and zinc borohydride. Here's a ref
https://scihub22266oqcxt.onion.link/10.1080/00397919508015887

[Anonymous No.8372992]

>>8372988
Mostly for similar HSAB considerations

[Anonymous No.8373055]

>>8372636
>It's reading screens bruh how hard is that
It´s not hard, but is boring as fuck

[Anonymous No.8373268]

>tfw first year chemE major

Lets hope I end up loving this.

[Anonymous No.8373502]

>>8370917

[Anonymous No.8373880]

>>8373268
More engineering than chemistry really.

[Anonymous No.8373882]

>>8366280
>mfw averaging over 100% in lecture but B in lab

I don't know wtf is wrong with my teacher but I can't imagine who is actually getting in A in lab if I'm getting a B. My shit is high effort

[Anonymous No.8374053]

>>8373268
>pipes and shit

[Anonymous No.8374142]

>>8370917
If this guy can get accepted to do work for someone, then suddenly I'm no so worried about my job prospects.

[Anonymous No.8374185]

So who here /polymers/?

>>8373268
You probably get an easier life than the industrial chemist - a beastly hybrid of the chemist AND chemical engineer. The number crunching of the chemical engineer combined with the thought process of the chemist (actually, that is a lie. We're just lazy assholes like the other engineers).

[Anonymous No.8374243]

>Orgo II started yesterday after summer break
>look around, people are panicking because they don't remember the difference between Sn1 and Sn2 reactions
I don't even go to a bad university, why can't people handle Orgo (Extreme stamp collecting!)?

[Anonymous No.8374265]

>>8374243
>why can't people handle Orgo
>Orgo II started yesterday after summer break

[Anonymous No.8374275]

>>8374243
you dont use it. you lose it.

[Anonymous No.8374282]

>>8374265
>>8374275
We're on the quarter system and most of us are sophomores. Are you implying they are brainlets who didn't study extensively through summer?

[Anonymous No.8374307]

Does anyone sit on some good material for recognizing the trends for reactants/synthesis in general for Orgo II?

Also any good material or tips in general?

Maybe we could gather some material to get a good sticky started and stuff to add to the OP.

[Anonymous No.8374317]

>>8374307
I have Zubricks survival guide for Organic Laboratory. Also BUMP, because this is also of interest to me.

[Anonymous No.8374318]

>>8374243
>Stamp Collecting
You mean Biochemistry and Biology

t. Physical Chemist

[Anonymous No.8374324]

>>8374318
no, he's right

[Anonymous No.8374548]

>>8374307
There are no real tips i could give you. Just try your hardest to understand what is going on. Maybe memorizing Pka's can help in some instances. Read and do problems.

[Anonymous No.8374618]

>>8370917

>Is distilled water a meme?

There's a reason we distill it in the first place.

[Anonymous No.8374725]

Who /photocatalysis/ here?

Some of those schemes are frankly ludicrous

[Anonymous No.8375241]

>>8372636
>Do you like biology?
Not at all

[Anonymous No.8375484]

>>8372992

>He still believes in HSAB

[Anonymous No.8375685]

>>8372277
>>8367673
I have decided lads

I'm going to improve gold cyanidation using supramolecular chemistry. Build an assembly to isolate gold from ore

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_cyanidation

There was some cool paper that made gold nanowires from alpha cyclodextrins but I think its overhyped

http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2891

Found some pretty decent background info here

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0892687594901147

[Anonymous No.8375697]

I'm teaching myself some basic biochemistry here, and I'm a bit stumped

You can inhibit fermentation in a yeast cell by adding sodium benzoate in a glucose solution, for example, so you get aqueous Na+ and benzoate. Now, I read a paper stating that as benzoate enters the yeast cell, the intracellular pH decreases, while it should increase, because benzoate is a base. I understand that the benzoate is in equilibrium with its conjugate acid benzoic acid, and I think the key to my question might lie here. Anyone care to spoonfeed me a little?

[Anonymous No.8375702]

>>8375685

I think Makoto Fujita had some kind of triangular assembly that could encapsulate gold atoms.

I don't want to rain on your parade but good luck demonstrating that a supramolecular scavenging strategy would be anywhere near as cost-effective as current methods.

Why not pick a metal that's more difficult to recover? Like separating valuable rhodium/iridium/ruthenium from metal wastes. Or palladium?

[Anonymous No.8375707]

>>8375702
always fucking fujita

What you mentioned was what I was initially looking for but it was difficult to find information on that

With the gold cyanidation you can toss the justification on environmental issues. Check this out for example https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro%C8%99ia_Montan%C4%83_Project

Also the effectivity isn't that high, depending on the ore it can go below 50% according to the background info I linked

[Anonymous No.8375752]

>>8375702
if you could find the article you mentioned btw i'd be pretty grateful

[Anonymous No.8375774]

>>8375752

I think this is the same cage but they're using it for something slightly different

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201301665/abstract

[Anonymous No.8376389]

>>8375241
Then don't do biochem

[Anonymous No.8376400]

>>8371198
Ask about the hybrid orbitals in phosphorous.

[Anonymous No.8376444]

Was a math student but I took a chemistry course this year for the hell of it, I had never even taken chemistry in high school since I took AP physics. This is the best class I've ever taken. I had no idea. I'm really considering changing my major but I don't know where to start. I think from the hour of research I've done on the kinds of chemistry I want to pursue organic chemistry but I don't know if that's right. I just love this so much. It's so effortless to me and so enjoyable. I spend hours studying but I struggle to think of something I'd rather do. I "like" math and I thought it was what I wanted to do because I had no idea what it even meant to truly enjoy a subject.

[Anonymous No.8376454]

>>8367373
I made aspirin, but forgot how, lol.

[Anonymous No.8376458]

>>8367459
My jewish university would make me retake my chems, as they have two versions of the same class for bio majors and chem majors. Your employer would probably overlook such a small detail anyways.

[Anonymous No.8376468]

>>8367373
That's why I majored in chemistry if I'm being honest. Specifically because of him too. I work at a regular chemical company but have a "clandestine" lab in my basement similar but not nearly as equipped as his. I can synthesize a lot of the easier synths from his books/papers. I have yet to invent my own compound though.

[Anonymous No.8376492]

isn't it cool how graphically thalidomide resembles a teddy bear? Kinda fits into Breaking Bad's theme of chirality.

[Anonymous No.8376501]

>>8375702
I'd suggest considering Indium too. It's exclusively obtained as a byproduct of mining other metals,and is vital for making anything with a lcd screen, which is damn near everything these days.

[Anonymous No.8376509]

>>8367373
I would because I've taken some of his chemicals (and older psychedelics) and psychonautics is a huge part of my life but I'm worried LE would fuck with me like they did him. It's really sad how misguided people are. I get angry and I have to keep reminding myself to hate ignorance not the ignorant but it's so hard when some conservative politician just decides he wants to ban hundreds of compounds that haven't been linked to ONE (1) (I) death or when the DEA harasses people for making molecules and consuming it themselves or when chemists are put in jail for the rest of their lives just for doing what they love.

[Anonymous No.8376545]

Where do you guys get your equipment and chemicals?

[Anonymous No.8376566]

>>8376509
>hate ignorance not the ignorant
This mentality is itself ignorant imo. The evil, violent and indolent must be brought to justice if we are to have justice.

>>8376468
Same here, and I get the feeling this situation is quite common.
>I have yet to invent my own compound though
This is why I've been so interested in computational chemistry recently. There's such a wealth of potential there for drug design, i.e. docking, ADME, MM, and so on. It's definitely the future of organic chem. Shulgin was right, though, about human bioassays.

[Anonymous No.8376567]

Is there any at home chemistry I can do, just moderately entertaining stuff to spark a kids interest.

[Anonymous No.8376889]

>>8376567
My dad showed me the copper on some pennies oxidized "like the statue of liberty" when I was a kid
You might need to do something more "spectacular" i.e. explosive, but I'm severely skeptical of these little stunts creating interest in any substantial sense at all

[Anonymous No.8376961]

>>8376567
Mix iodine with ammonia.

[Anonymous No.8376972]

>>8376468
>That's why I majored in chemistry if I'm being honest.
he, i was considering studying chemistry for the same reason. but i'm mentally ill and most drugs cause psychosis for me. i wouldn't have been able to test all that shit myself. i envy shulgin, it must be awesome to discover new drugs and try them yourself.

i've done 2c-c and 2c-p before without any problems, but who knows what you might find and what it would do to your mind. i'd rather not risk the last bit of my sanity. i went for cognitive science instead.

good luck on finding the holy grail of drugs!

[Anonymous No.8376982]

>>8376545
>>8376567
If you want all in one sometimes find these cheap on ebay

https://www.walmart.com/ip/Thames-Kosmos-CHEM-C3000/144247199?

Cool stuff.
https://www.unitednuclear.com/

[Anonymous No.8377056]

>>8376501
the thing is, background info in this hard to find

at least with gold cyanidation i know the process i need to improve

>>8371198
Ask about cyclopropane
Ask why chiral phosphorous compounds racemise way slower than chiral nitrogen compounds (which do not really exist)

[Anonymous No.8377063]

Can anyone give me tips on how to study Organic and Inorganic Chemistry? It's just so tedious. How the fuck do people memorize so much stuff?

[Anonymous No.8377155]

>>8377063
>How the fuck do people memorize so much stuff?
those people have a brain, something you apparently are in want of

[Anonymous No.8377182]

>>8377063
Do practice problems untill you recognize the trends m8.
Try and really understand why the reaction occurs - stable intemediate/good leaving group/resonance/charges, etc.

[Anonymous No.8377236]

>>8377063
you just have nucleophiles and electrophiles lad

When you have a problem just try to consciously think about where a compound is lacking electron density and where it has an excess of electron density

It's how I did it. I never memorized shit tbqh. That's why I'm decent at org chem but SHIT at name reactions

[Anonymous No.8377295]

>>8377063
Try speed.

[Anonymous No.8377528]

Is there another way of explaining oxo- and thiophilic behavior of elements/compounds other than by Pearson concept? I'm working on the effect of Hg on disulfide-bridges of Cys and am most definitely not happy with the vague explanation that HSAB delivers.

[Anonymous No.8377665]

>>8377528
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01702

You mean like this?

[Anonymous No.8377705]

what are london forces?

[Anonymous No.8377766]

>>8377665
Thank you!

[Anonymous No.8377777]

>>8377705
\begin{math}\vec(F) \sim \left(\frac{1}{r^6} \right) \end{math}

[Anonymous No.8377973]

>>8377777

Checked those filthy quints

[Anonymous No.8378140]

>>8377705
The attraction autists feel for girls on the internet.

Also the dipole moment that a molecule feels when one side briefly hugs more electrons and makes it dipolar. And this molecule will also feel a force from other molecules dipoles. I think.

[Anonymous No.8378197]

>>8374725
They can get kind of nuts, but it's tremendously difficult (if not impossible) to determine the mechanism in reactions of this sort. Therefore, it's more plausible to have a working model rooted in thermochemical data than it is to say "Oh gee, we don't know!".

[Anonymous No.8378353]

>search "home chemistry lab" for ideas
>first result is http://io9.gizmodo.com/5119166/teen-with-home-chemistry-lab-arrested-for-meth-bombs

Kek

Fucking pigs

[Anonymous No.8378454]

>>8377705
Your local sharia compliance vigilante teams

[Anonymous No.8378531]

>>8378353
>They claim that they got a tip from a woman who sold Casey fertilizer and was concerned about it. Certain kinds of fertilizer are used in the production of crystal meth.
This is pretty familiar in that I've had malicious "tips" given against me while I was doing nothing wrong. Chalk it up to opportunistic abuse of highly abusable authority.

[Anonymous No.8378578]

>>8378353
>>8378531
>your life will never be so empty you report people for buying fertilizer

[Anonymous No.8378590]

>>8378353
>>8378531
>>8378578
How do I avoid this happening? What are some chemicals that set off red flags? I ask because I'm sure I actually DO have scheduled chemicals in my lab I don't have a license for (some ergolines).

[Anonymous No.8378593]

Hello everyone germanfag here.
I start studying biochemistryin in about 2 weeks. Is there any good advice u guys could give me along the way? I really like biology and i already have an, we call it "education", as laboratory medicine technician.

[Anonymous No.8378595]

>>8378590
Literally just the chemicals used to manufacture meth and explosives. It's easy to avoid the former but fucking everything is used in explosives (as that article attests). We live in such a sad, scared, and stupid world. The government doesn't REALLY care about anything else but from what I've seen they have the least sympathy for amateur chemists. Simply buying chemicals even if you're a student of chemistry or an actual chemist is "suspicious". Everything's "suspicious".

[Anonymous No.8378597]

>>8378595
Not this

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEA_list_of_chemicals
This.

[Anonymous No.8378602]

>>8378531
>>8378578
>>8378590
>>8378595
>>8378597
https://youtu.be/KYq90TEdxIE

[Anonymous No.8378615]

How do I make a bomb?

[Anonymous No.8378632]

>>8378597
So all those chemicals are legal to own right? I've bought a lot of those online (mostly Chinese vendors) without a problem. Also no one uses Safrole for MDMA anymore.

[Anonymous No.8378755]

>>8370801
hshahahhahahahhahhahahhahahahha

[Anonymous No.8378867]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HBF0SW8Gr4E

Any commentary/discussion on this synthesis?
Clearly, the product is an inactive stereoisomer. I assume he meant to use the "other" proline, which is not inconsiderably pricier. Is there a better asymmetric catalyst? Any merit in doing a conrotatory cycloaddition, i.e. photochemically and with suitable species?
Can the olefin be chosen to act as a chiral auxiliary, and reduced after the aldol ring closure?

Of course frontier orbital calculations should be useful

For comparison, the total synthesis >>8368241 yielded 8.6% of theoretical
https://erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/cocaine.total.synthesis.html

[Anonymous No.8378870]

What would my salary be if I get a PhD for Biochem?
Also, which contributes more to society currently: Chem or Biochem?

[Anonymous No.8378940]

Chem major reporting in. Just got a 96 on my first Chem exam. Super pumped. BUT, I had some questions for the masters of /sci/:

What the hell can I even do with a Chem degree?

And, should I consider switching to Chem engineering?

Cheers in advance

[Anonymous No.8379283]

>>8378615

HCL and Al foil
Put them in a plastic bottle.
Enjoy xDDDD

[Anonymous No.8379304]

>>8378870
http://lmgtfy.com/?q=biochemistry+salary

[Anonymous No.8379305]

I did a chem BS because I went to college and wanted to pursue a degree in a STEM field because all other fields felt either ridiculously easy (English, Bio....dont count it as STEM) or souless (Finance etc). In the end I had no passion for it and finished with a 2.5 GPA from a state school.

Now I'm almost two years past graduation, and wondering what in the world I should be doing. Grad school/professional school paths are closed off to me due to GPA, and if I didn't have the drive for it, it probably was a bad idea anyway.

I worked as a QC Lab tech

My question now is, what is the best way for me to make a lot of money? What field should I try to get into, what skillset should be developed?

I'm taking an online course in nanotechnology right now just because that was an area of interest.

[Anonymous No.8379315]

>>8367373
I know a guy who makes DMT. He's wicked smaht.

[Anonymous No.8379332]

What's the difference between the Hamiltonians of different structural isomers?

[Anonymous No.8379379]

>>8379332
-ih/2pi

[Anonymous No.8379395]

>>8366280
Pretty sure im gonna fail my chem 101 class.
This is my first semester in college and im already fucking up. The thing is i dont care about chemistry so I dont go out of my way to get good at it like other things. Also I had no idea the class would be this hard.

[Anonymous No.8379402]

>>8379395

>chem 101
>get good

how can you already be accepting failure at the end of the first month? if the class is required, then you will have to take it at some point anyway.

[Anonymous No.8379404]

>>8379402
We had 1 exam and i didnt know shit. I imagine if I take it in the winter it will be review and we wont be spending so much time in the lab.

[Anonymous No.8379406]

>>8379404
i guess
but would you lose money if you withdraw?
but if there are 3 or more exams then you can definitely pass. I doubt that you will get out of any labs just by taking the course over the winter, but I guess it could happen.

[Anonymous No.8379411]

>>8379406
Im not gonna withdraw. Ill just go through with it and maybe ill pass with a D. Im pretty sure my college GPA will be fucked this semester but ill try to bring it up next semester.

[Anonymous No.8379420]

>>8379411

What the fuck is wrong with you...
http://www.chemtutor.com/index.html

[Anonymous No.8379482]

Can chemistry predict what will happen when you mix two or more compounds without actually mixing them and seeing what happens?

[Anonymous No.8379485]

>>8379482
No. Nobody can tell what will happen.

[Anonymous No.8379488]

>>8379485
So how is chemistry a real science then? Its just data gathering, not science.
You try out different reactions and record what happens.
Since you can't predict anything, all you end up is with a table of reactions you've already tried.

[Anonymous No.8379592]

>>8379488
Can't tell if bait

[Anonymous No.8379598]

>>8379592
Not bait, just an opinion from somebody who has never studied chemistry.

[Anonymous No.8379607]

>>8379488

Don't fall for it

[Anonymous No.8379620]

>>8379607
No please do. I'd like to see why my view on chemistry is wrong.

[Anonymous No.8379753]

>>8378593
Just got to See if You like it After the First year.. In Germany the First year is pretty much basic chem, Maths and physics.. And Abitur Biologe, have fun, what City?

[Anonymous No.8379781]

>>8379332
The Hamiltonian operator should remain the same because it only accounts for potential/kinetic energy of a molecule; it's the wavefunction that will change, thus (largely) necessitate that the solutions (i.e. the eigenvalues and energies) will change.

>>8379482
Sometimes, it really depends on the reaction in question. If you look at solid state chemistry, for example, it's impossible to determine the solid state structure for mixtures of >2 elements from first principles. At the same time, one can reasonably extrapolate from prior reactions what is likely (or unlikely) to work or use thermochemical data (e.g., a pKa value) to determine a likely reaction outcome. Moreover, a great deal of work has gone into determining how reactions work (i.e., reaction mechanisms) and thereby what factors are likely to impact the result of a reaction both positively and negatively.

>>8379488
Consult my response above: you can indeed develop working models of why reactions succeed (or fail) from what has worked before. Sure, a lot of synthetic chemistry comes with trial and error as to which compounds will be most efficient, but that's because it's *much* quicker than approaching this theoretically given modern analytical tools. Moreover, even sophisticated QM techniques have serious limitations when it comes to certain phenomena.

[Anonymous No.8379837]

>>8379781
Thanks.

[Anonymous No.8379936]

>>8379781
>the Hamiltonian does not change but its eigenfunctions do
I don't know, Yogi

[Anonymous No.8380041]

>>8379936
Do I have it mixed up? I thought the Hamiltonian reflected the potential/kinetic energy of a molecule, so in the case of an isomer the only difference is the molecular wavefunctions and thereby the energetics provided nothing else is different?

[Anonymous No.8380222]

>>8379781
>solid state chemistry
who?

[Anonymous No.8380233]

Dunno where else to post this, but if Im going to undergrad as chemical engineering, what am I to expect? I find pretty much everything about chemistry interesting (including some psyhics as well).
Any recommendations on how I could broaden my scope? Just in order to gauge which parts of chemistry/cheme I want to focus on.

[Anonymous No.8380325]

>>8380222
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_chemistry

[Anonymous No.8380368]

>>8380041
The wavefunctions describing the molecule are solutions to the schrodinger equation. That won't change if you have the same Hamiltonian, which you won't, in general, for constitutional isomers.
Just look at the eigenvalue problem Af=af ffs

[Anonymous No.8380488]

>>8380325
that doesnt exist im sorry

[Anonymous No.8380510]

>>8379488
It's just a form of applied physics. If you think of it that way it'll make more sense.

[Anonymous No.8380602]

>>8379753
I study in Bochum and live in Dortmund. I have read much about it and hopefully it is the right thing to do. And i got some basics already through my education.

[Anonymous No.8380670]

>>8380602
Send some gemütlichkeit my way, germanon

[Anonymous No.8380693]

>>8380670
Will do so :) Have a very nice evening!

[Anonymous No.8380910]

>>8380368
Why will constitutional isomers have different Hamiltonians then? They should have all the same terms since they contain all the same particles which have exactly the same kinetic and potential energy operators.

[Anonymous No.8380972]

>>8380910
How does one rationalize the different reactivities of 1,2-dimethoxybenzene and 1,3-dimethoxybenzene?

Realize that a different set of eigenfunctions f_i in a given basis means a different operator
The operator literally cannot be the same

[Anonymous No.8381000]

>>8380972
1,2--dimethoxybenzene and 1,3-dimethoxybenzene both have the same Hamiltonian operator. Tell me one term that exists in one but not the other if they are actually different.

I think you might be thinking about the fact that eignvectors of a Hermitian operator with different eigenvalues are necessarily orthogonal, which is a different but similar sort of concept.

My guess is that every isomer and all their excited states are eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian.

[Anonymous No.8381056]

>>8381000
The oxygen atoms are at different relative positions in space, so the coulombic potential for one

The eigenvalue problem Af_i=a_i*f_i has the same solutions as itself
You're predicting the electronic structure of the two compounds is identical, which is clearly not the case.

Go pirate Gaussian and run a HOMO/LUMO calculation

[Anonymous No.8381078]

>>8381056
Oh, you're assuming the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Both isomers actually have the same coulomb potentials.

What you're thinking of is once you fix the nuclei in space with BO approx you're now using the positions of them as parameters for variation.

Then you can start talking about looking at what symmetry operations leave the atoms unchanged, as those are what commute with the hamiltonian for specific fixed set of nuclear coordinates.

But that's adhoc, it requires you to already know the molecule's structure and starts you out near some min of a PES.

[Anonymous No.8381136]

>>8381078
>you're assuming the Born-Oppenheimer approximation
Not strictly, no. They don't, statistically speaking, inhabit the same region when you allow them to move.
On what basis do you claim the coulombic potential is the same between the two? Since steric effects certainly don't explain the relative regoselectivities in, say, bromination.

[Anonymous No.8382108]

>>8380972
Are we talking about the Hamiltonian as in the operator or as in once you apply the operator to the molecule in question to plug in the individual wavefunctions?

Because the operator should be the same: in your example, there's the same number and kind of atoms that should have the same influences on their kinetic/potential energy. There are obviously differences (e.g., if the two chlorines are closer you'll have a larger dipole as well as steric contributions) in the relative contribution of each force and *those* values should be different, but only *after* the wavefunction is applied.

Maybe that's our source of confusion?

[Anonymous No.8382120]

>>8366280
Thread theme:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVdBrTFKtiA

[Anonymous No.8382254]

>>8382120
WOOOOOOOOOW BROMINE AND BARIUM IM SUCH A CHEM NERD XXD

[Anonymous No.8382279]

>>8382254
xd

[Anonymous No.8382287]

I posted it in the SQT but whatever.
Anyone here has tried the Brightstar process to synthesize MDMA from safrole?
If so do you have a comment to make/some advice to give for each step?

https://erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/brightstar.mdma.html

[Anonymous No.8382364]

>>8382287
Lmao this takes PdCl2 AND Al amalgam?
Why go to all this trouble? Just rearrange the amide obtained from helional oxime

[Anonymous No.8382383]

ahhhh chemistry

[Anonymous No.8382403]

>>8382364
I didn't know there was this road to get MDMA.
I'll explore it for a while to see if it's easier and more cost effective than Brightstar

[Anonymous No.8382409]

>>8378867
>I assume he meant to use the "other" proline, which is not inconsiderably pricier.

Given that the video doesn't show the transition state model it could just be a mistake, it would certainly be nice if natural proline gave the right result.

>Any merit in doing a conrotatory cycloaddition, i.e. photochemically and with suitable species?
>conrotatory cycloaddition

I'm pretty sure it would be hard to get either of those pi systems to react antarafacially given the constrained geometry, I think photocycloadditions in general must be a pain to do.

[Anonymous No.8382445]

I saw Phil Baran at a grocery store in Los Angeles yesterday. I told him how cool it was to meet him in person and congratulated him on his synthesis of Palau'amine, but I didn’t want to be a douche and bother him and ask him for photos or anything.

He said, “Oh, like you’re doing now?”

I was taken aback, and all I could say was “Huh?” but he kept cutting me off and going “huh? huh? huh?” and closing his hand shut in front of my face. I walked away and continued with my shopping, and I heard him chuckle as I walked off. When I came to pay for my stuff up front I saw him trying to walk out the doors with like fifteen Milky Ways in his hands without paying.

The girl at the counter was very nice about it and professional, and was like “Sir, you need to pay for those first.” At first he kept pretending to be tired and not hear her, but eventually turned back around and brought them to the counter.

When she took one of the bars and started scanning it multiple times, he stopped her and told her to scan them each individually “to prevent any electrical infetterence,” and then turned around and winked at me. I don’t even think that’s a word. After she scanned each bar and put them in a bag and started to say the price, he kept interrupting her by yawning really loudly.

[Anonymous No.8382453]

he should kill himself

[Anonymous No.8382456]

>>8382453
>>8382445
i meant phil baran

[Anonymous No.8382458]

>>8382453
>>8382456

Why would you say something like that?

[Anonymous No.8382698]

>>8382403
Anyone know how to do the last step on this chart?
I read that I should use Al/Hg amalgam to reduce the molecule to MDMA but I fail to see why it works.

[Anonymous No.8383728]

>>8382698

Are you certain about that Beckmann rearrangement? You seem to have drawn it with a hydride migrating but I think the alkyl chain migrating is a lot more likely.

Also, wouldn't the bromine required for the Hoffmann degradation possibly brominate the aromatic ring?

As for the final reduction it's just complete reduction of an amide to an amine, if you really wanted to draw a mechanism for Al/Hg it would involve radicals but this is a pretty straightforward reduction, you can also do it with LAH, in fact that's the way Shulgin did it. If you wanted to avoid the reduction you can Boc the nitrogen, methylate it and then deprotect.

[Anonymous No.8383745]

>>8372714

>I'm not up to using butane or acetone since it just seems too risky.

L O L

but seriously senpai use butane or hexane. the solvent will have evaporated completely by the time you dab and any residual solvent would combust readily anyway

[Anonymous No.8383749]

>>8381136
You don't know what a Hamiltonian is, no wonder you can't tell me one term that's different -- there are no different terms.

The potential energy terms in the Hamiltonian look like this:

[math]\frac{q_1q_2}{4 \pi \varepsilon_0 |r_1-r_2|}[/math]

the positions are not fixed in space, I really can't help you except to say that you don't understand how a wavefunction is obtained; you're just throwing stuff into Gaussian like a black box and admiring the results.

That's ok, it's just you shouldn't claim to understand something that you really don't.

[Anonymous No.8383994]

>>8383728
Thanks for the input.
Yes the alkyl chain migrating seems to be more likely. It also seems to simplify the whole process a great deal.
Is this schema correct?

[Anonymous No.8384009]

>>8383994

Looks all right on paper but actually I wonder if Beckmann actually works on oximes derived from aldehydes or whether you need a ketone starting material.

Even if it does work it might be difficult to hang on to the formyl group without it being hydrolysed off the nitrogen, especially with all that acid around.

Another option would be to oxidise the helional to the acid, then homologate the acid using the Curtius reaction.

[Anonymous No.8384036]

>>8384009
Yeah, I have the feeling that if MDMA could be done with such a simple recipe then we would know about it.
Since it's not the case, there must be something tricky.
I think I'll stick to Brightstar recipe even if it implies to go through PdCl2 and Al/Hg amalgam.

[Anonymous No.8384073]

I'm currently teaching proton nmr, I love my chemistry but it's not a lot of fun.

[Anonymous No.8384099]

>>8384036

Given that safrole/isosafrole/helional are all monitored as precursors perhaps it's interesting to think about making MDMA from catechol.

[Anonymous No.8384113]

>>8384099
That's a good idea if you need large quantities of safrole.
I only need a few safrole so I'll buy some sassafra oil, via some friends of mine to avoid raising attention.

[Anonymous No.8384153]

>>8384099
How would you go about making safrole from catechol?

[Anonymous No.8384157]

>>8384153
Nvm i found this https://erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/safrole.html

[Anonymous No.8384167]

>>8384153
>>8384157

If you're brominating catechol then why not go for making piperonal and condensing it with nitroethane? It would save having to do the Wacker oxidation which I think is a bit of a hassle practically speaking.

[Anonymous No.8384205]

Maybe wrong thread but is there a good online resource website for all kinds of chemical experiemts?

[Anonymous No.8384254]

>>8384167
This might be too hard for me. I prefer to follow one recipe rather than multiple recipes dispatched on different pages.
I'm no chemist, I just want an easy to follow, straight forward recipe for MDMA.

[Anonymous No.8384269]

>>8384254

Well good fucking luck getting that Wacker oxidation to work

[Anonymous No.8384276]

>>8384269
What is so hard about it?

[Anonymous No.8384360]

>>8384276

I've heard that the re-oxidation of the palladium catalyst is troublesome, I recall reading about having to use stoichiometric benzoquinone. That's if you can even get hold of enough catalyst.

I don't know this "Brightstar" recipe firsthand but if it goes via the ketone then presumably you'd also have to source methylamine from somewhere.

[Anonymous No.8384368]

>>8383728
>wouldn't the bromine required for the Hoffmann degradation possibly brominate the aromatic ring?
I ran it with hypochlorite
>you can also do it with LAH, in fact that's the way Shulgin did it.
ref: https://erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal109.shtml
>>8382698
>>8383728
>Beckmann
Had this ref in mind: https://www.thevespiary.org/rhodium/Rhodium/Vespiary/talk/files/5435-Copper-catalyzed-rearrangement-of-oximes-into-primary-amides560c.pdf
It appears to proceed with greater selectivity.
Obviously there's a great advantage in obtaining N-acetyl MDA from the oxime directly, if it can be carried out without forming much of the primary amide, but I haven't really reviewed the literature on this. Our target was MDA.

>>8384167
>making piperonal and condensing it with nitroethane
Chemplayer got piperonal in proof-of-concept yield from black pepper as follows:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FdFEEwon6nI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDGIYEaGCZw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6r9elLR2WjI
The hydrolysis could be conceivably be omitted, depending on oxidation method, if one doesn't want to isolate piperidine (for which pepper indeed seems a practical clandestine feedstock)
I suggest ozonolysis. Recent advances have used solvent or nucleophile capture to bypass the explosive ozonide intermediate and need for reducing agent workup, to varying degrees of success.
https://scihub22266oqcxt.onion.link/10.1021/jo800323x
https://scihub22266oqcxt.onion.link/10.1021/ol300617r
https://scihub22266oqcxt.onion.link/10.1002/asia.201600671

[Anonymous No.8384435]

Inorganic >= physical > organic >>>>>>> a piece of literal dog shit >>>>>>> analytical

I seriously don't see how someone willingly joins a PIs analytical project.

[Anonymous No.8384453]

>>8384435

I think it's pretty cool how analytical chemists can work out the structure of some hideously complex compound isolated from a marine sponge where they have a few milligrams of material to work with.

[Anonymous No.8384493]

>>8384453
You mean "running an NMR"

Literally everyone needs to know how to characterize compounds. It's not exclusive to analytical chemists by a long shot.

[Anonymous No.8384498]

>>8384493
>>8384453
>>8384435
"Analytical chemist" is a euphemism, much like "continental philosophy"

[Anonymous No.8384513]

>>8384498
I would also like to note there is a reason why analytical chemists have so many job opportunities at the PhD level.

No one wants to do it.

[Anonymous No.8384656]

>>8383749
The eigenvalue problem Af_i=a_i*f_i still has the same solutions as itself

[Anonymous No.8384765]

I got a 33 on my first general chemistry 1 test.

Is there any hope

[Anonymous No.8384783]

>>8384513
Only that analytical chemistry is the most popular discipline.

[Anonymous No.8384845]

>>8384783
Yeah, popular like your whore mother. Everybody does her, but nobody particularly enjoys it.

[Anonymous No.8385178]

>>8384783
Nigga, organic chemists use analytical, inorganic chemists use analytical, physical chemists use analytical, materials, chemical engineers, biochemists, etc.

Why would you waste your time specializing in something that literally everyone knows how to do to an effective degree? "He can read NMR like a pro" or "that was the best mass spec I've ever gotten from the analytical guy" is a luxury, not a necessity. It's just not worth it. I know they do shit with bio markers and stuff, but that could probably have been done quicker by an organic chemist. I dont understand the point when any chemist can, and does, logic through how to get the compound they are looking for and detect it.

[Anonymous No.8385317]

>>8369918
Majority of people I knew, faked it, til they made it. It seems to be a trait a lot of people have. When its objectively easier to learn, and actually do the work, rather than cheat your way through life. That's why I hate group projects.

[Anonymous No.8385353]

>>8367373
Orbitals are for mathematicians, chemistry is for people who like to get blitzed
-Shulgin

[Anonymous No.8385390]

>>8385178
Maybe start studying chemistry before posting in a chemistry thread on /sci/

[Anonymous No.8385730]

>>8366280
What type of prerequisites should I have knowledge of if I am to create a new molecule?

[Anonymous No.8385893]

>>8385730

Chemistry desu

[Anonymous No.8386620]

>>8385390
Butt hurt analytical chemist detected.

Im a grad student in inorganic. You wish you could stand shoulder to shoulder with gods.

[Anonymous No.8386629]

>>8384435
>Inorganic >= physical > organic
Why is it so.
I mean you can do freaking drugs with organic chemistry, what can you make with inorganic chemistry?

[Anonymous No.8386770]

>>8386629

[Anonymous No.8386868]

>>8386770
>that picture
>"inorganic"

[Anonymous No.8387057]

>>8386629

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraxenonogold(II)

Tell me this is not the most dank molecular entity you ever did see

[Anonymous No.8387065]

>>8386629
>its another "you can make FREAKING DRUGS LIKE WALTER WHITE with ORGANIC CHEMISTRY" post

>what can you make with inorganic
literally material thing you have that is solid state chemistry --> inorganic. aircraft materials, batteries, catalysts used to make organic polymers, etc.

>>8386868
>im still an undergrad so I think if it has a carbon atom in the molecule it is "organic"

[Anonymous No.8387139]

>>8387065

Keep your hands off our organic compounds, I suppose next you'll be trying to claim Grignard reagents as inorganic?

[Anonymous No.8387194]

>>8387065
>literally material thing you have that is solid state chemistry --> inorganic. aircraft materials, batteries, catalysts used to make organic polymers, etc.
That's just boring. The organic world seems so much more richer.

[Anonymous No.8387202]

I have a natural talent for Chem, but my true love is Physics.
What job prospects are there out there for chemists?

[Anonymous No.8387209]

>>8387202
mcdonalds

[Anonymous No.8387222]

>>8387209
Will I be concocting the new secret sauce?

[Anonymous No.8387301]

>>8375697
Cant remember, but theres something else going on here. We saw the mechanism in our food microbiology class, but the ph does decrease inside the cell. Gonna try to look it up real quick

[Anonymous No.8387311]

>>8387065
I was the kid who got annoyed with Walter over his thorium nitrate tube furnace mention in season 1 and his consistent behavior as though he were some high school kid who read the literature without any real expertise or sense for what would be practical in his situation, and had it nonetheless granted by magic. The chemistry was easily the most unsatisfying part of the show, and I tried to ignore it and take it in as a drama. Nobody plays Assassin's Creed for historical nuance.
Recreational drugs, though, really aren't that pedestrian aside from college party shit like MD(M)A, and that pays the bills. Pharmaceuticals in general have undoubtedly contributed massively to quality of life.
I don't want to disparage anyone's field or get in a flame war. The interfaces between fields and cross-discipline applications are often some of the most exciting and useful. How many asymmetric catalysts are organometallic?

[Anonymous No.8387809]

>>8387139
but it is. its an organometallic reagent which are considered inorganic compounds. they are the same as what >>8386770 posted.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grignard_reaction

>>8387194
>organic world
>here let me make a new combination of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen
>brilliant. this is much richer than the entirety of the rest of the periodic table. let me run my 500th column of the day excuse me.

>>8387311
im not saying drugs havent contributed to everyone's quality of life. the point i am trying to make is in the chemistry world, organic is a meme. literally everyone wants to study it because "muh drugs".

most catalysts are organometallic. organic catalysis is a sort of a subfield of organic that seeks to eliminate the use of metals in chemical reactions. obviously that would be ideal, but its difficult to make organic catalysts function the same way a metal does.

[Anonymous No.8387820]

>>8387139
forgot other link

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inorganic_chemistry

first line

[Anonymous No.8387826]

>>8387222
ya :P

[Anonymous No.8387828]

I hate chem honors its so fucking stupid we just did a density lab...

[Anonymous No.8387842]

>>8387828
underage b& get in the van

[Anonymous No.8388023]

>>8387809
>literally everyone wants to study it because "muh drugs".
I'm not so sure about that

[Anonymous No.8388028]

>>8387202
Do Materials Science then. All the fun and creativity of chemistry, with all the applications of physics.

Best of both worlds, and you can work on anything from optics to electrics, from biomedical printing to structural systems. It's also incredibly relevant on engineering teams.

[Anonymous No.8388038]

>>8387057
>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraxenonogold(II)

Okay, that's pretty dank.

[Anonymous No.8388045]

>>8387057
>Gold-Xenon lattice
BLASPHEMY
He's a witch, get 'im!

[Anonymous No.8388172]

What is more useful: Chem or Biochem?

[Anonymous No.8388178]

What is most useful at the moment in terms of current and future innovation through research: materials and nanosciences, biochem, chem?

[Anonymous No.8388626]

What are some fun and educational chemistry courses or other things you can find online?

I thought this was very interesting
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL36EC6A6180271B0F

[Anonymous No.8388873]

There's reaction between aluminium, sodium hydroxide and water producing sodium aluminate and hydrogen gas, in closed container. My question is, how does forming hydrogen gas and pressure caused by it influence in reaction kinetics? Does rate slow down till zero or does reaction just continue till end? Also if you know material which I could use in self learning this thing would be nice.

[Anonymous No.8389283]

>>8371338

>he hasn't heard about lumacaftor/ivacaftor
>pipe-lords smacktalking chemists

[Anonymous No.8389307]

>>8378632

You ever bought acetic anhydride before? Shit is impossible to buy without having your ass promptly drop-kicked onto a government watch-list.

[Anonymous No.8389404]

Does anyone here have experience in pharmaceutical chem?

Currently a pharmaceutical science major (I get both the (bio)chem en molecular bio aspect of the field) and i'm supposed to specialize soon.

I can choose between a few things, but mostly considering computational chemistry, pharmacology (for which i'm likely in the wrong thread), and synthesis. That's the current order of preference.

Can anyone pitch in about the current state of these fields in the industry? I heard synthesis gets outsourced to china and that computational is the most exciting field.

[Anonymous No.8389517]

>>8378632
> Also no one uses Safrole for MDMA anymore.
What do hip kids use these days?

[Anonymous No.8389522]

>>8389404
dont do pharmaceutical chem. all of it goes to china, like you said.
medicinal chemistry is a dead/dying field. a lot of it will be replaced with automation too within the next 10-20 years. why have expensive humans make drugs when cheap Chinese/robots/Chinese robots can do the it?

[Anonymous No.8389576]

>>8378595
>Everything's "suspicious".
I feel you.
We're living a dumbed down era.

[Anonymous No.8389610]

>>8389576

Is amateur chemistry dead?

[Anonymous No.8389651]

>>8389610
>>8389576
The internet was to be a major boon for accessing and sharing the world's wealth of scientific and technical information at the blink of an eye, dramatically lowering the barriers to entry facing any bright, interested child or layperson and ringing in a new age of scientific progress.

We got bread and we got circuses.

[Anonymous No.8390246]

If I get my Bachelor's in Materials and Nanoscience, can I get my Master's in ECE?

[Anonymous No.8390266]

>>8390246
>>8389930

[Anonymous No.8390844]

>>8386629
P2N3-, which proves our theories about aromaticity