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/sci/ - Science & Math

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7337002 No.7337002 [Reply] [Original]

Ask me anything about radiation/radioactivity.

>> No.7337005

>>7337002
If there was a large scale contamination event in a city how effective would clean up be using current methods?

>> No.7337007

Could you make a gun that shoots radiation straight and accurate and hits 1 person but not the man next to him?

>> No.7337008

>>7337005
what kind of contamination? on the ground? in the air? in the water supply?

>> No.7337010

>>7337007
yes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collimator

>> No.7337014

>>7337008
Let's say 1 ton of nuclear waste being shipped through a city for some reason spills onto the ground (and will eventually make it's way to water)

>> No.7337020

>>7337014
it depends how hot it is (both literally in a sense of temperature and activity) but it's not like it's this pool of liquid thats going to run everywhere, its all solid, so it can be contained relatively easily, though we need to be sure to limit the amount of contamination it causes

>> No.7337031

>>7337020
>It's all solid

Is it generally a powder or cohesive lumps?

>> No.7337034

Why isn't shielding enough to protect integrated circuits from hazardous radiation in space? What kinds of radiation/particles can shielding block and what kind cannot be? etc

>> No.7337043
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7337043

>>7337031

>>7337034
i dont really understand the question. it just comes down to how much shielding you want vs how much you want to pay for. gammas do not have a maximum theoretical range, since they interact discreetly, unlike alphas and betas. also shit like lead is heavy and thus expensive to put into space, not to mention electronics are very sensitive to begin with

>> No.7337046

>>7337002
What made you ditch the old "Ask me anything about radiation/radioactivity" thread picture?

>> No.7337048

>>7337046
these niggas think i'm a maymay or some shit. also fusion is more based

>> No.7337052

>>7337043
>i dont really understand the question. it just comes down to how much shielding you want vs how much you want to pay for.
I don't think it does just come down to that. My understanding was that shielding can block some of the radiation, but not all. Even if you had infinite money, size, weight, etc, I don't think you could block everything.

>gammas do not have a maximum theoretical range, since they interact discreetly, unlike alphas and betas.
This is more what I was asking about. Can you elaborate or explain in more laymans terms?

>also shit like lead is heavy and thus expensive to put into space, not to mention electronics are very sensitive to begin with
i know

>> No.7337053

Is nuclear winter actually a possibility?
>>7337043
Thanks

>> No.7337061

>>7337052
gammas interact via the a few specific mechanisms:

the photelectric effect
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Photoelectric_effect

scattering (compton, rayleigh, etc)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compton_scattering

pair production
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_production

these are discreet events. so either the gamma interacts so many times and loses all its energy or passes through whatever its travelling through. the same can be said for neutrons, because they are neutral particles and dont interact electrically

alphas and betas are different, because they are charged particles, and continuously interact via coloumbic forces, as well as particle collisions. this is why betas and alphas have finite ranges in all materials. X amount of any material will stop charged particles, given enough of that material (most alphas cant travel more than 3 cm or so in air, depending on its energy)

>> No.7337064

>>7337002
Do you remember making this thread with the same OP image a month or so ago?

>> No.7337067
File: 2.98 MB, 1280x720, uranium.webm [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
7337067

>>7337064
i'm pretty sure I always used this webm (and gif before i had the webm) but who i may have, i make this shit when i've got fuck all to do and i'm just chillin listening to music and shit.

>> No.7337068

>>7337061
Thanks. So you are saying that a thick enough shield could block all types of space radiation?

>> No.7337072

>>7337068
effectively? yes
theoretically? no

>> No.7337085

>>7337072
>effectively? yes
Are you sure? They why do they make radhard chips?

>theoretically? no
Why not?

>> No.7337093

>>7337085
>Are you sure? They why do they make radhard chips?
>with a thick enough shield
key phrase
>theoretically? no
>Why not?
the discrete nature of the interaction mechanisms of neutrons and gammas. they are probabilistic in nature, and there is a finite probability of them passing through any amount of material without interacting or losing all their energy

>> No.7337096

>>7337093
So how thick would you actually need let's say in LEO? Using radhard chips has plenty of downsides

>> No.7337098

>>7337085
Not OP but, at some point your shield becomes impractically massive. The best shield we know of is a gigantic ball of rock with a molten core and a magnetosphere, and even that isn't "perfect".

>> No.7337104

>>7337096
i dont know the flux that needs to be shielded but high energy protons are a big threat that require shielding, but those like i said have finite ranges and dont require as heavy shielding as gammas. but i dont really know how much would be needed because i dont know the specifics of the environment or the minimum fluz/irradiation allowable for the electronics

>> No.7337114

>>7337104
I think in LEO it's mostly alpha particles or other protons, electrons, and heavy ions.

>> No.7337174

In your own words, what is radiation?

>> No.7337189

>>7337174
a mechanism for the transfer of energy, basically, considering there is thermal radiation, electromagnetic radiation covering a massive spectrum of energies, nuclear radiation (consisting of both directly and indirectly ionizing radiation, as well as both particulate and electromagnetic radiation), etc.

>> No.7337195

>>7337189
Is there any good guides on the different types of radiation?

Also, do photons have mass?

>> No.7337199

>>7337002

How do i become immune?

>> No.7337206

Should I be worried about the health effects of getting x-rayed at the airport? I fly often

>> No.7337208

>>7337195
knoll, radiation detection and measurement
shultis and faw, fundementals of nuclear science and engr
wikipedia, hyperphysics, etc
>Also, do photons have mass?
no
>>7337199
you don't
>>7337206
no.

>> No.7337210

>>7337002
I don´t know if related, but could you explain how group theory and abstract algebra is used to model nuclear physics?

>> No.7337222

>>7337210
i don't have a very rigourous background in group theory/abstract algebra, but there's the shell model of the nucleus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_shell_model

>> No.7337463

are there any nuclear processes where a nuclei can capture a neutrino?

>> No.7337479

>>7337002
Can you explain or give me a link about that explans how that thorium reactor stuff is suposed to work?
All I can find is people talking about how great it is or discussing about it.
Maybe a image of the internals of such a reactor could help as well

>> No.7337504

>>7337002
What is radiation and radioactivity

>> No.7337548

>>7337002
I swallowed a depleted uranium bullet for a dare. How long before I 'pass' it?

>> No.7337565

>>7337463
Yes, any process that produces a neutrino can also capture one through the reverse reaction. The difficulty is that usually these processes have three products, so the reverse reaction is very slow (because it requires three things to interact simultaneously).

>> No.7337684

Is there going to be a need for an 8x wendelstein?

>> No.7337699

How realistic are the fears of a nuclear winter?

>> No.7337700

>>7337002
Suppose I just found out my retarded room mates have used a pestle and mortar to grind down the radioactive components of the smoke detector
in our room and habe served it to me as spicing in a cup of ramen joking I shall 'become green as the incredible hulk' and wants me to chase them.

Is there any cause for alarm?

>> No.7337706

>>7337700
>Is there any cause for alarm

Depends if there's a fire or not

>> No.7337728

>>7337700
Heavy metal poisoning can be very dangerous. The radiation probably won't be an issue. But the itself... that's bad. It binds with phosphates, bioaccumulates in the bones and liver and testicles, and is generally just a dick to all sorts of molecules.

Fortunately and unfortunately, it's pretty soluble, so although you absorb it quite readily, you can excrete it rapidly as well. Except where it's bound... there you're fucked. If they've been doing this for a long time, you'll want to check for testicular cancer on a yearly basis.

If it was me, I'd be torn between kicking the shit out of them and having them charged with assault. Probably I'd do both.

>> No.7338385

>>7337067
sauce?
what the hell is that?

>> No.7338409

>>7338385
cloud chamber

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_chamber

http://www.sciencealert.com/watch-uranium-emits-radiation-inside-cloud-chamber

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFGpqxmRx_M

>> No.7339621

>>7337002
how does carbon dating work

>> No.7339640

>>7337014
Get yo momma to eat it up

>> No.7340201

>>7339621
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Radiometric_dating

>> No.7340222

>>7337002
I know that when a positron and electron collide, they produce two gamma photons. Is this process reversible with known technology?

>> No.7340235

>>7340222
yes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter_creation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-photon_physics