/sci/ - Science & Math

Help me to attain a deeper knowledge on LSA sourced from plants seeds, anything is appreciated. I will share what I think I know, what I have noted from experiments, and follow with questions. If I am wrong, please correct me.

What I think I know:

LSA comes from a symbiotic relationship between a fungus that grows on the plant (heart shaped leaves) and the plant (Morning Glory, Ololiuqui, and Hawaiian Baby Woodrose). The plant gives the fungus nutrients in exchange for LSA (among other ergot alkaloid derivatives) from the fungus as a defensive mechanism to deter predators and puts them in its seeds to protect them as well. These alkaloids are sensitive and will degrade from excessive heat, prolonged exposure to light, over oxidation, and contact with tap water (Chlorine?, Florine?, something else?). These seeds also contain a cyanogenic glycoside toxin known as Amygdalin. If this toxin is consumed it is broken down to glucose, benzaldehyde, and hydrogen cyanide by enzymes in the body. HCN

"prevents cells from using oxygen to make energy molecules.The cyanide ion, CN-, binds to the iron atom in cytochrome C oxidase in the mitochondria of cells. It acts as an irreversible enzyme inhibitor, preventing cytochrome C oxidase from doing its job, which is to transport electrons to oxygen in the electron transport chain of aerobic cellular respiration. Without the ability to use oxygen, mitochondria can't produce the energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Tissues that require this form of energy, such as heart muscle cells and nerve cells, quickly expend all their energy and start to die. When a large enough number of critical cells die, you die."

It also causes severe nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness, rapid heart rate, convulsions, and eventually can lead to coma or death.These toxins can be liberated from their disaccharide shackles not only by enzymes in the body but also acids, including water (slowly, cold water even slower). Cont.

>>10934811
Cont.

HCN can kill an adult with as little as half a gram. It is said that these toxins are non-polar soluble, a typical extraction for the layman being a VM&P Naptha wash of the ground seed material, discard the Naptha while saving the seed material, dry the seed material until the smell of solvent is gone, then extract with high proof drinking ethanol which can be drank or evaporated to a gunk residue to be scraped up and dosed. It is also important to remember that some seed companies coat their seeds with toxic compounds like methylmercury to prevent human consumption, however this is uncommon due to costs. Since Acetone is a polar aprotic solvent with no acidic hydrogen to participate in hydrogen bonding, it is perfect for leaving the seed toxins behind while extracting the polar alkaloids like LSA. Sugar is not very soluble in Acetone either, so the glucose groups from Amygdalin should remain undissolved and stay at the bottom of the GLASS container (Acetone dissolves plastic) used for extraction. Only a select few salts of LSA are known to be stable: Tartrate, Maleate, and Malate. Citric and hydrochloric salts are sensitive to air. Sulfuric and acetic salts are sensitive to light.

What I have noted:

Having grown a MG plant indoors using miracle grow soil, it was still capable of growing the fungus. After enough leaves had grown to absorb sunlight, one of the leaves had crystalline white stuff on it. It had unique florescence when put under UV light different from the rest of the plant. One day while watering it, a drop of distilled water landed on this white stuff coated leaf and dissolved a hole through it. Maybe this was due to poor lighting, nutrition, or watering but it seemed strange to me. I could not explore this further as I accidentally killed the plant by leaving a heater on while I was on vacation near it and forgot to turn it off. I have tried various extracts of MG seeds. Cont.

>>10934873
Cont.

>Morning Glory Cold Water extract

Takes a very long time to extract an effective dose. Mild to moderate nausea can result regardless.

>MG Room Temp Extract

Same as cold water with greater nausea.

>MG ethanol extract (35% ABV or lower)

[_] nausea with total alkaloids. Keeping the time of extraction between 3 hours maximum and 30 minutes minimum helps to get alkaloids faster than toxins that cause nausea.

>Naptha wash, Everclear pull, evap to residue in gel cap extraction.

Enormously diminished. Nothing even happened aside from slight dilation of the eyes.

>"LSHB" tek, not actually Lysergic Acid HydroxyButylamide just a name.

Basically this is a 3 hour pull of MG seeds in Ketel One Botanically Infused Cucumber and Mint Vodka (may also have acetaldehyde, I don't believe in the LSH theory since chemically it makes no fucking sense but does seem to enhance the visuals barely). This is filtered multiple times then added to freshly carbonated Mtn. Dew Ice (clear, caffeinated, soda with 1% real lemon juice concentrate) alongside a small amount of anise extract, a drop of peppermint extract, a fair amount of dragon fruit energy drink mix, and a scoop of Ketologic BHB Orange Mango. This stuff is great. There is still mild to moderate nausea depending on the time spent on the ethanol pull. If you let the complete mixture sit for 24 hours potency increases 10 fold but doesn't go beyond that. I spent way to long trying to figure why this happened, other anons dismiss it as a drug interaction of some sort but I think there may be more to it.

>MG Acetone pull, evap on sodium carbonate.

This is stored as "salt rocks", then powderized and left to sit in high proof ethanol for a time. Then filtered many many times but as you can imagine desalination of a solution isn't easy.
Certainly interesting with no nausea at all. It clearly isomerizes any iso-LSA (inactive) to LSA (active).

>MG extract in only Mtn. Dew Ice

All toxins with all alkaloids.

Cont.

>>10934931
Cont.

So then I tried different attempts with Hawaiian Baby Woodrose:

>straight fucking ethanol extract of HBWR

Jesus god never do this. For the record I knew it was going to be bad (but not that bad), I simply subjected my body to science to get conclusive answers. These kind of seeds contain many more toxins than MG seeds do. Everything seems peachy for 2-3 hours then all hell breaks loose. I started to feel intense nausea, assumed I was just gunna puke and move on with a bag ready...While attempting to dry heave on my knees, I suddenly had a time skip and I was on my ass leaning against an object. I immediately knew that I was unconscious for a duration, sadly I'm practically used to teetering on the line between consciousness and unconsciousness. I felt extremely weak, and breathing became difficult. I was breathing just fine but it felt as if the air was getting thinner by the second. I crawled onto the bed, feeling cold in a hot room. I layed on my side and was hardly able to move whatsoever, almost paralyzed. I violently puked over and over and over gasping for air between each stomach purge. My heart rate was very slow and I felt that if I fell asleep I wouldn't wake up again. This was a goddamn 10 seed extract. Clearly this had to have been cyanide poisoning.

>Acetone pull of HBWR, dehydrate, pull with pinch of citric acid in distilled H2O, naptha wash (polar washed naptha ahead of time in case of possible sulfur or other impurites ending up in the polar layer), discard naptha dose LSA citrate H2O

No nausea whatsoever. Euphoria but beyond that the trip was very lackluster compared to MG. It's possible I didn't acidify the polar layer enough and some escaped into the naptha layer but I doubt it. Later I noticed the date on the harvest for the seeds were 2016, and it's fucking 2019.

>Wondered why the naptha step was necessary, tried above without it. So just Acetone pull, dehydrate, citric acid distilled water pull, dose

Same results.

Cont.

>>10934982
Cont.

Questions:

During an Acetone pull of HBWR, after it has been allowed to sit for enough duration with occasional stirring when I go to filter it from the seed material I notice something that troubles me. After it has been allowed to settle two layers form: the top clear Acetone layer and the seed material at the bottom. If I stir this before I filter it, the top clear layer forms a cloud of seed particles. If I filter this there is a light brown color to the Acetone LSA filtrate. After multiple filtrates it won't clear up. If I don't stir the settled Acetone pull and just decant it over the filter it remains clear. Is this light coloration a sign of toxins making their way past the filter? How to I remove them? My guess is dehydrate the Acetone, take a tiny amount of Acetone and dissolve the residual again, put it in a small tall cylindrical glass, and hopefully it will be saturated enough that the material will settle to the bottom again. Or is it not worth worrying over? I ground it to a very fine powder...Wouldn't surprise me if micro particle toxins managed to make their way past the paper filter. They certainly did in my ethanol pull experiment atrocity.

Looking back at the "LSHB" madness from >>10934931 is it possible somehow the lysergol content was converted to something else? In the following:

https://www.ijraset.com/fileserve.php?FID=12755

they mention ether (in my case is anethole from anise extract), oxidation (in my case could be CO2 from carbonation), and butyl related molecules (in my case would be beta-hydroxybutyrate or BHB). It's all way above my head and I get most of what's used is probably waaaay more reactive than any of the stuff I'm using but it still fascinates me. There is a very tiny amount of lysergol content in MG and it takes 24 hours to fully potentiate the "LSHB" tek.

How long does it take for LSA, iso-LSA, LSH, Ergometrine, and Lysergol to be completely lost from seed material?

It's almost time for me to send out my university application but I can't decide if I should major in (general) chemistry or medicinal chem.
What do you guys think the smartest choice would be?

How much of a time investment is organic chemistry, the professor has not made it clear yet.

Retard here,

When using TMS as a standard for NMR, can you also use it as an integration standard?

>>10935197
who is the gay guy hugging his boyfriend in that image he looks like a fag

>>10935197
What university are you going to? I'd say 3.5-4.5 hours study per hour of lectures if you're a brainlet , 2.5-3.5 if you're smart.

>>10935682
He invented reddit

>>10935685
That’s quite a lot

How does one produce Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen chloride from aqueous solution of brine without an ion-selective membrane?

How would one go about testing LSD? Doesn't an Ehrlich Reagent only test for the presence of indoles? Seems you could mix a small amount of a cheap to acquire indole and a research chemical/poison/nothing and it would still pass the test. Like if someone soaked LSA on a blotter tab and passed it off as LSD and someone tested it wouldn't it completely fool them? I would rather not send a sample to a fucking lab to get a proper analysis or rely on only 1P-LSD from the clear-net. Any ideas?

>>10936137
do yourself a favor and buy them, they are really cheap

>>10935041
An update to the first question:

Tried what was described. Some smaller particles fell to the bottom but ultimately the solution remains yellow-clear. This looks exactly similar to that of a filtered ethanol extract of the seeds that WILL cause HORRIFIC cyanogenic glycoside poisoning. Considering the Acetone used is store bought and not anhydrous, I assumed there could be 5% or less H2O based on the SDS and from small amounts of liquid being left behind after evaporating large amounts of only that Acetone. I tried adding dry seed material to the small amount of Acetone used to pick up the evaporated initial Acetone pull to possibly absorb water, making the cyanogenic glycosides insoluble and precipitate to the bottom clearing up the upper Acetone layer. It hasn't worked thus far, but I will give it time and see if it changes (highly doubt it). Maybe if I put it in the fridge? This was not a problem for previous extracts that proved successful, but those were medium ground unlike this time when I finely ground them. I also can't recall if I decanted the pulls from the extracts that worked without stirring it or not. I assume I did, but because the cyanogenic glycosides were less ground and therefore larger I guess they remained at the bottom of the solution/were captured by the paper coffee filter. That must be why the successful extract was clear but this time it has a colored yellow-clear tint (bad sign). Pretty sure it could kill me with 80 seeds worth of cyanogenic glycosides if 10 was hell so FUCK THAT unless it clears up somehow.

>>10936129

Orga is pretty vast. One hour every day is not enough.

>>10937154
Give me a throaway email and I will share with you a non-retarded route

>>10936137
bump

>>10936892
> buy them
That's no fun

>>10937596

>Asking for trash email
Why not just post it here?

>non-retarded route
What are you talking about? Medium grind seeds, Acetone pull 10mL per 10 seeds with HBWR for 2-3 hours for a total of 3 times collecting the Acetone through a filter each time, evaporate the Acetone, add distilled water with a pinch of citric acid, mix for a bit and decant through a filter. That's very effective at removing the toxins and the most direct way for a pure liquid extract. The problem stems from critical errors like finely overgrinding the seed material and stirring the Acetone pulls before decanting through a filter (make sure the seed material and cloudiness is settled at the bottom with a clear top Acetone layer). Normally the Acetone pull collective would be clear before evap but I made a mistake to learn from. What could you possibly be implying is better? Naptha wash, dry seed material, drinking ethanol extract?

>>10935635
If you know the concentration, yes

Although itd be better to use trimethoxybenzene

Chemistry is a horrible field, no jobs, don't bother with a phd unless you go to a top 5

>>10935041
>>10937154
>>10937765
An update:

Nah waiting for it to settle didn't work. Maybe fridge might work...don't know if I care enough to find out. Pic attached is a comparison of the successful extract [left (UV) and middle] vs the failed extract on the right. Notice how one is clear while the other is piss yellow? All due to the fact it was finely overground and stirred before decanting. It's fucked. No idea how that mess could be saved.

>>10935066
Iam final year of my med chem degree, and the differences arent that big. If you like org chem and some bio stuff, then med chem is super nice. Learning about pharmacuticals and the mechanisms of them is pretty neato imo.

I think the choice boils down to; do you already know what flavor of chem you like? If its not org chem then gtfo of med chem, since its 90% that. Otherwise choose chem/eng or inorg chem. If you choose inorg chem, then get ready for the life of unenployment :^^^)

>>10936758
If youre not willing to get it tested proper, other than 1800's level chem, then just buy some testing kit from whatever site youre already getting the LSD

>>10937601
>no relying on cheap and readily available reagents to do more interesting chemistry
imagine being this fucking dumb

>>10937771
really depends on what compound youre analysing, though i guess everyone has their own favorite internal standard / what ever is most widely used in their lab

>>10937937

>buy some testing kit

Like what? Ehrlich isn't enough as it only tests for the presence of indoles. Sure it will deter research chems but what about smarter asshats? In >>10936758 I elaborate how easy that could be to fool. Surely there is a better approach to be sure you have LSD. The only specific character unique to LSD I can think of is Piezoluminescence:

"In the folk-literature surrounding psychedelic production, DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, and LSD have been reported to exhibit piezoluminescence. As specifically noted in the book Acid Dreams, it is stated that Augustus Owsley Stansley III, one of the most prolific producers of LSD in the 1960s, observed piezoluminescence in the compound's purest form, which observation is confirmed by Alexander Shulgin: "A totally pure salt, when dry and when shaken in the dark, will emit small flashes of white light."

What if you took 3 tabs (300 mcg, nearly 1/3 of a mg) and extracted them with high proof ethanol, evaporated it in a small dish, scraped up remains, put it in a small glass vial, and shook it hard in the dark? If it emits flashes it's legit...Any other ideas besides "lol, hope you don't die test monkey brainlet"?

>>10938009
Just based on not really knowing jack shit about the testing of LSD or other drugs for that matter, at home, then i wouldnt really expect that you could get more sure than that. There is a reason that modern analytical tools have gone away from the alchemy times of "oh wow, i got a sorta blue color change, therefore it must be X... oh wait maybe its a bit greener, mabye Y?..."

Its dumb as fuck. Just use an NMR, or if you work in a poor as fuck place or are just an brainlet home chemist, IR or UV.

>>10937945
Tms isnt inert in most reactions. Internal standards are more reliable as they do away with errors in sample prep and other human errors. You put in tmb at the start and if you spill some shit your nmr calculated yield will still be accurate.

>>10938340
TMB present in the reaction mixture?

>>10938009
Follow up, there isnt even an indole in LSD you sperg. So the Ehrlich reagent wouldnt do shit.

From what i understand after 2 min of google search on test kits for LSD they often use a mix of reagents, and based on all those can exclude different things. Thereby method of elimination can sorta conclude that they MIGHT have LSD.

>>10938360
you are an idiot.

>>10938321

>Just use an NMR

Isn't that expensive? I don't access to a lab that has one...

>IR or UV

I have a blacklight and that works for UV light. I use that to check fluorescence on tabs but just because it glows blue under blacklight doesn't mean much. A lot of things do that, tonic water is one of them. Paired with a test kit certainly both can narrow results but smart scammers know this and will create something that fools both. Also,

>>10938360

>there isnt even an indole in LSD

Mostly incorrect. Indole alkaloids are a class of alkaloids containing a structural moiety of indole.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indole_alkaloid

Scroll down to the ergot alkaloids section where pic attached is. It showcases the tryptophan group on the molecule.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophan

Tryptophan most definitely contains an indole, but it is technically a structural moiety of indole. Even in the IUPAC name [(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid] you see the "indol" part.

Now look at LSD's structure again and see how it has a lysergic acid group.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide

Even the IUPAC name for LSD [(6aR,9R)-N,N-diethyl-7-methyl-4,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydroindolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide] you see "indolo" in there. While it is not exactly indole, certainly a structural moiety will retain functional characteristics. This is why LSD, and even pure LSA glows blue under UV as they both contain this. An Ehrlich will most certainly test positive for LSD, but it only indicates the presence of indole.

>>10937827
Another update. The fridge idea didn't work either. Since I had two evaps of the same thing with the same amount of seeds used (80) on pyrex dishes, having spent one I had another to work with. I decided to put distilled water in the fridge to get it chilled but not cold. I didn't acidify it at all as I figured it could dissolve the cyanogenic glycoside impurities caked to the dish and added a small amount to the pan. I washed this back and forth for a time, filtered it (dampened the coffee filter with the same chilled distilled water used), and then filtered it the same way again. It looked nearly clear and there were visible solids left behind, which I assume is the toxins caked to the dish. The nearly clear liquid glowed blue (a bit more intensely than the previous 10 seed trials) under blacklight UV. Then I acidified with a small amount of citric acid powder and added a small amount of crushed and powderized vitamin C supplements (ascorbic acid). I understand that LSA citrate is unstable to oxidation, so if I keep it in distilled water solution with ascorbic acid which is an antioxidant and seal the glass container it should keep for a month or two easily if stored correctly. Pic related in the center two groups: the top center pic is the evap of the extract before and the bottom of the center pic is after the chilled water wash. The toxins seemed to have been left behind on the pan. Now a brave soul just needs to test it to see if nausea results or not...Looks the same as the 10 seed previous trials that had no nausea so it should be clear. Now to fix the other, I need to evap the Acetone extract again and repeat. Good God.

>>10938342
Yeah that’s usually how i do my catalysis. Unless youre doing CH activation tmb is pretty inert

>>10938360
My man time to check what an indole looks like

>>10936137
the easiest way would probably be castner-kellner process and HCl from the elements, but i strongly advise against using mercury in amateur/homebrew chemistry. even in a professional lab its "nice to avoid"

>>10934749
complete newfag here,
>>10935273

>>10937771
Same retard here, if I know the concentration is 0.01%, wtf do I do next?

Do I HAVE to know the exact amount of CDCl3 + TMS I put in the tube? I usually just splash some solvent in the flask and pick that up for NMR. This is my first time using CDCl3 + TMS for NMR as my previous molecules all had internal standards I could use for quant (i.e. a methyl ester)

The reason I'm asking is because I grabbed an unknown from a column and I'm trying to figure out what it is but when I normalized the TMS signal to "12" on Mnova all my unknown protons became 0.06 and such. How do I normalize this? Pls halp

If I buy TMB, how much do I add to the NMR sample tune and can you just normalize to 3 just like that?

>>10938566
You can run TLC plates to see if it is at least one substance. But without NMR or at the very least IR you need to do some reactions on it.

>>10939518
Seems unlikely that this guy has acces to TLC plates when he doesnt have anything else.

>>10938566
Also i stand corrected, didnt see the nitrogen at the bottom, which forms the indole.

Just get a three piece test kit. Should be what youre looking for. All other analytical methods require a machine, which you most likely dont have access to.

>i have a blacklight and that works for UV light
that isnt what i meant but ok.

>professor assigns homework from the absolute most recent edition of a textbook
>0 results for a pdf online

>>10939492
Well, if you know the amount of TMS (in moles is easier, I'm personally too retarded to work with percentages), then you look at the integral of your TMS peak and compare that with the integral of your other peaks. Then the ratio between them tells you about how many ''moles'' of chemical groups you have, which tells you mow many moles of molecule was in your sample. No need for normalization, as the absolute values are not relevant.

>>10939827
Have you tried gen.lib.rus.ec? They might have it there

>>10939492
You go from the moles of tms to moles of analyte, so if you got 1 mole of tms, and that corresponds to 12 on the integral, then if the signal thats 0.06 corresponds to a single proton you got 0.06 mole of analyte

>>10939518

>TLC

I should learn this. I wonder if you can do a getto version of this.

>>10939775

3 piece test kit? Is that any different from a standard Ehrlich reagent? Does it just greatly narrow results or indicate LSD specifically?

>>10941031
Really dont think so. You need a very fine silica that has been treated so the surface of the small gains are very polar.

>Is that any different from a standard Ehrlich reagent?
Iam 100% sure, since i havent ever been into the whole "amatuer chemical test" other than the Tollens test back in HS. But i would expect it to be alot better than just using the Ehrlich reagent, which can, as you prev mentioned, only tell something about the indoles. Most likely, they have like 3 parameters that when all saying one thing, will tell you if you actually have LSD. I wouldnt expect it to tell you the purity, so your original problem of "cant they just add a small amount and just add something else" still stands.

>>10941031
You can separate things on cellulose (paper). Silica isnt the only thing to use as a solid phase. You can separate the different inks in a marker with paper and water

>>10941168
I would really like to see you explain how in the fuck one can separate a mixture of compounds on fucking paper with ANY eluent.

>>10941031
>I wonder if you can do a getto version of this.
You can buy em off ebay.
Or you can drop a mixture of alumina and plaster of paris in water on microscope slides. w/o alumina, apparently you can use corn starch or talc powder instead

>>10941079
Thank (You).

>>10941168
What about clear cellulose rolling papers?

>>10941190
What kind of eluent would be necessary? Pic related.

>>10941254
>You can buy em off ebay.

Noted.

>Or you can drop a mixture of alumina and plaster of paris in water on microscope slides. w/o alumina, apparently you can use corn starch or talc powder instead

Cool.

>>10939492
Why do you even need to know the concentration unless you're going a kinetics study? shouldn't you already have an idea of what your compound is based on the reaction you did and the chemical shifts present?

>>10941190
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4I9065A_6UY
tons of other examples, its pretty useless though for preparative purposes

>>10941675
I really couldnt tell you the eluent without trying different system myself. Often times when i try and find some i first try with Pentane/EtOAc 1:1, and based on what the Rf value is, change the eluent to better fit the seperation.

>>10941981
I mean its a cool video showing that it is possible, but i wouldnt be surprised that its a special kind of paper, and that kinda defeats the purposed that the other guy needed. If he has to buy this paper, why not just silica TLC plates? Also i wouldnt trust that paper to separate two compounds in a lab environment.

>>10939942
I checked. It wasn't.

:(

Can you select for specific chiral structures by performing your reactions in a powerful electromagnetic field?

>>10934749
tfw no qt bio-chem pre-med gf... why even live?

>>10939827
try google advanced search:

"book name" file:pdf

>>10942484
I was just saying that tlc and columns isnt necessarily silica. You just need an adsorbing layer, ive seen mgso4 columns in literature

>>10942573
I think people have been trying to do this for a while now. If you are able to do it/show that any chemistry is done using only an electromagnetic field, that is easily a Nature or Science paper.

>>10944516
Didn't pipeline have an article about that?
https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2019/08/13/the-enantiomers-did-what-now
>circularly polarized light on borosilicate glass causes selective desorption of enantiomers

>>10941190
Have you never been to elementary school ? You can separate the components of ink using a coffee filter.

>>10942484
Thank (You)

>>10942723
Most are focused on maintaining their GPA for romance or "my body belongs to science" (until Chad walks by that is). Stick with Kurisu as a /sci/ waifu or whatever waifu you choose. 2D>3D unless you really want to sacrifice everything (money, time, body, and sanity) for a real woman. But by all means, listen to your heart (Hear that beating sound? That's your heart telling you to beat your meat over a woman!).

>>10938647
Another minor update:
Pic related is the Acetone LSA seed pull filtrate with more seeds tossed in after it was left for two days in the fridge on coldest setting. White precipitate is caked where the Acetone layer is, I assume this is either the LSA or the Amygdalin. Under UV blacklight, the precipitate faintly glows blue but I could be interpreting it wrong. The yellow-clear Acetone liquid layer also glows more intensely green/yellow under UV blacklight. I may try to pour off the Acetone to evap in a flat glass pan and scrape the white precipitate (could be ice for all I know) away to dry on a separate dish and see what is looks like if I dissolve it in distilled water under UV blacklight. At this point it's ruined anyway since a fucking fly decided to land on the evap dish for this experiment. I guess the reason it didn't fly away when I went to grab it off the table is because it spat acid on it and tried to consume the raw evaporated Acetone extract with Amygdalin impurities (since I finely powderized instead of medium ground the seeds and decided to stir before decanting). I forgot to cover it, sadly. It must have flopped over intoxicated or poisoned even for that tiny amount. Since I was working with low light conditions and it was tiny, I didn't see the little shit. After I poured Acetone on it and started mixing it around, I noticed it. I removed its solvent covered body. Absolutely disgusting. I don't think I care to fuck with it. Now I understand why Walter was so adamant and persistent to remove 1 fly.

>>10945408
*Most are excessively focused

>>10945408
I hope you live in the third world otherwise you're about to get buttraped in 5... 4...

>>10945408
>>10945427
**Most are excessively focused on maintaining their GPA to go for romance

>>10945427
>>10945432
Only brainlets care about GPA. It's only hard to maintain high GPA in graduate courses and at that point who gives a fuck as long as you pass.

>>10936137
For questions like these I recommend looking at very old experiments and studies done. A quick Wikipedia search (I know, I know, don't shoot the messenger) yields this:

Sodium hydroxide was first prepared by soap makers.[48]:p45 A procedure for making sodium hydroxide appeared as part of a recipe for making soap in an Arab book of the late 13th century: Al-mukhtara` fi funun min al-suna` (Inventions from the Various Industrial Arts), which was compiled by al-Muzaffar Yusuf ibn `Umar ibn `Ali ibn Rasul (d. 1295), a king of Yemen.[49][50] The recipe called for passing water repeatedly through a mixture of alkali (Arabic: al-qily, where qily is ash from saltwort plants, which are rich in sodium ; hence alkali was impure sodium carbonate)[51] and quicklime (calcium oxide, CaO), whereby a solution of sodium hydroxide was obtained. European soap makers also followed this recipe. When in 1791 the French chemist and surgeon Nicolas Leblanc (1742–1806) patented a process for mass-producing sodium carbonate, natural "soda ash" (impure sodium carbonate that was obtained from the ashes of plants that are rich in sodium)[48]:p36 was replaced by this artificial version.[48]:p46 However, by the 20th century, the electrolysis of sodium chloride had become the primary method for producing sodium hydroxide.[52]

As for HCL:
In the 17th century, Johann Rudolf Glauber used salt (sodium chloride) and sulfuric acid for the preparation of sodium sulfate, releasing hydrogen chloride gas (see production, below).

t. brainlet with interest to chemistry and no way to source chemicals by buying them

Another good resource is NileReds youtube channel.

How do I turn MnO2 into MnO4-?

>>10944783
It's similar but not quite what I think >>10942573 was talking about. Having a racemic mixture and then selecting a specific enantiomer isn't quite the same as getting a single enantiomer as a product from doing the reaction in an electromagnetic field

>>10946407
There was an article on magnetite being a better proton reduction catalyst in a magnetic field a while ago

>>10946407
Yeah, but if the racemate was just a reversible chiral adduct, and the laser pulse doubled as either heating or electrical excitation to drive a reversibe step forward, it could be worth something.
I'm envisioning vapor-phase reactants adsorbing onto the glass, selectively coupling to form a solid product and shearing off in flakes. Probably something simple, like substitution of an H-bond catalyzed imine.
No matter how you say it though, it sounds niche.