/sci/ - Science & Math

>>10996768
from wiki
>Adrafinil is a prodrug; it is primarily metabolized in vivo to modafinil, resulting in very similar pharmacological effects. Unlike modafinil, however, it takes time for the metabolite to accumulate to active levels in the bloodstream. Effects usually are apparent within 45–60 minutes when taken orally on an empty stomach.

A prodrug is basically a drug that is "nested" inside of a compound which when metabolized one or some of the resulting metabolites are pharmacologically active.
The active metabolites of Adrafinil are the exact same as the metabolites of Modafinil - Modafinil sulfone and Modafinil acid.
Usually, the purpose of a prodrug is to increase bioavailability (more is exposed to enzymes in the liver) or to reduce the potential for abuse. There's a lot of research into creating prodrug versions of Ritalin and Adderall to make it easier to market by taking away the potential for it to be crushed up and snorted for a stronger higher. ]
There's really no point in choosing Adrafinil over Modafinil because the bioavailability is basically the same, Armodafinil is measured at ~80% and Modafinil is suspected to be ~80%.

As for specific enzymes:
> CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes. It also caused a small, but concentration-dependent, induction of CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 activities and suppression of CYP2C9 activity in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Clinical studies have been conducted to examine the potential for interactions with methylphenidate, dexamfetamine, warfarin, ethinylestradiol, and triazolam. The only substantive interactions observed were with ethinylestradiol and triazolam, apparently through induction of CYP3A4, primarily in the gastrointestinal system. Overall, the results of the interaction studies suggest that modafinil has the potential to affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs that are metabolized by certain CYP enzymes.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165%2F00003088-200342020-00002