/sci/ - Science & Math

D21 was discovered by researchers studying the relationships of dopamine1 and dopamine2 receptors forming a heterodimer. D1 and 2 receptors have seemingly opposing activity with D1 being excitatory and D2 being inhibitory
The dopamine1-2 heterodimer is a pseudo-receptor whose expression increases as a consequence of dopamine1 and dopamine2 receptors being targeted and activated at the same time
This receptor binds a large portion of D1 and 2 receptors together and prevents them from functioning properly so both excitatory and inhibitory dopamine activity is reduced
When this heterodimer is activated, rewards from activities are greatly reduced and the satisfaction from that reward is reduced (a hedonic appetite)
This is bad in the context of long-term potentiation and in long-term depression where we attempt to learn new concepts because in the concept of dopamine signaling D1 is the reward and D2 is the anti-reward. So If you're anticipating a certain response when learning and you get a wrong answer then D2 exerts this long-term depression or reduced activity in response to an unsatisfactory result and so you don't learn something that is not beneficial.
The heterodimer increases with age, or with mental disorders or drug use and this acts as a brake on further learning, reduces plasticity, and is a contributor to the end of the critical period from adolescence.
It may be an evolutionary adaptation that promotes specialization in individuals and locking in learned memories and survival skills from childhood because it may have been bad for aged humans to compete for resources with younger humans for resources.
The researchers that discovered d21 went through a lot of effort to determine the epigenetic signature of the heterodimer and they copied the DNA sequence of this receptor and then they cut out or replaced that segment so they had a full protein that then prevented this dimer from freeing dopamine receptors so that you have a younger dopamine phenotype

how many years has he got left? What's the verdict? I'd say 1.
>>14542136

Pollution accumulates up the food chain. Consume meat or milk or eggs: everything that the animal consumes is concentrated up the food chain. This is why the Inuit have the shortest lifespan in NA: they consume so many wild-caught arctic fish. Their breastmilk is considered industrial waste by the EPA because it's so fucking high in PCBs.
Glyphosphate intake from dairy is way beyond what could be obtained from a plant-based diet.
Endotoxins are the lipid cell lining of gram-negative bacteria. These include Ecoli and related bacteria. Consuming meat promotes inflammation by adding endotoxins to our diet and by saturated fats disrupting the gastrointestinal barrier allowing endotoxins to spill into the blood stream
we are literally eating dead shit bacteria and allowing shit from our digestive tract to spill into our bloodstream whenever we eat animal products and saturated fat
Tumor necrosis factor which is increased by endotoxins that activate TLR4 and tlr2 within the body directly contributes to neuronal cell death by inducing microglial inflammation through activation of kv1.3channels. This also promotes neuronal insulin resistance and contributes to hypothalamic neuroinflammation which is the root cause of all metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders
The doctor that pioneered the endotoxin theory of inflammation was named Roy Swank. He hypothesized in the 1940s that the reason why Norwegian fishermen suffered a lower occurrence of multiple sclerosis than the surrounding population was that their intake of saturated fat was much lower.
Roy swank then did long term nutritional interventions that lasted decades
Those that went on the diet which included a much lower intake of saturated fat and emphasized a high intake of plant foods did not have a progression in their MS diagnosis or relapse.
The endotoxin model of inflammation is now one of the most understood models and contributors to inflammation throughout the body, not just within the brain

>>12787192
Spent a few months studying how to efficiency study before I went into uni. Most of which was spent studying psych, neuroscience and asian medschool youtubers.
My recommendations are.
1. Proper fucking sleep
>8 hours + 30 minute-60 minute nap
>Nap should ideally be after morning study block
2. Zero distractions
>Phone out of room, 4chan blocked on PC, ect. Don't waste your will power by having them accessible, out of sight=out of mind, your will power is a limited resource that does effect your study efficiency.
3. Properly timed studying
>The 4 hours before you go to sleep are the most efficient for studying
>The 4 hours when you wake up your mind will be clear which also makes it a great time
4. Proper exercise
>https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/12/161213074341.htm
>Exercise before test
or
>Exercise immediately after studying to increase recall
5. Motivation
>Motivation in high levels increases neuroplasticiy and there is some argument that adults can have similar learning levels skills if the motivation is incredibly high
6. Proper diet
>Sugar impairs memory
>Proper supplements like omega3s
>Some evidence processed foods and oils impair memory
7. "Deep work"
>3-4 hour study block full on no breaks
>Needs to be built up from 1-2 hour blocks if you've never done it before
>Works best with added medtiation beforehand
8. Abuse fasting
>Brain works and learns way better in a fasted state
>The brain will also prioritize knowledge learned before a meal
>You can abuse this by doing one meal a day and eating immediately after a 4 hour study block
>For long term cramming 2-3 day fasts are ideal, just don't eat and study all day
9. Anki
>Use it for literally everything
>You can learn about 3600 flash cards per month at max efficiency

Also a good mentor is incredibly important like the other anon pointed out. A rival is good too, it's been shown to improve motivation and boost grades.

Me but ironically.

Is 57 a prime number?
t. medfag

Is the M in STEM for math or for medicine?

Patient has mild headache? Emergency neuro consult.