Cirrhosis awareness thread

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Cirrhosis awareness thread Anonymous Mon, Jun 10, 2013 20:14:00 No.11023619 [DELETED]

Cirrhosis represents the final common histologic pathway for a wide variety of chronic liver diseases. The term cirrhosis was first introduced by Laennec in 1826. It is derived from the Greek term scirrhus and refers to the orange or tawny surface of the liver seen at autopsy.

Cirrhosis is defined histologically as a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and the conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules. The progression of liver injury to cirrhosis may occur over weeks to years. Indeed, patients with hepatitis C may have chronic hepatitis for as long as 40 years before progressing to cirrhosis.

Many forms of liver injury are marked by fibrosis, which is defined as an excess deposition of the components of the extracellular matrix (ie, collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans) within the liver. This response to liver injury potentially is reversible. In contrast, in most patients, cirrhosis is not a reversible process.

In addition to fibrosis, the complications of cirrhosis include, but are not limited to, portal hypertension, ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy.

Often a poor correlation exists between histologic findings in cirrhosis and the clinical picture. Some patients with cirrhosis are completely asymptomatic and have a reasonably normal life expectancy. Other individuals have a multitude of the most severe symptoms of end-stage liver disease and have a limited chance for survival. Common signs and symptoms may stem from decreased hepatic synthetic function (eg, coagulopathy), decreased detoxification capabilities of the liver (eg, hepatic encephalopathy), or portal hypertension (eg, variceal bleeding).

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