[ 3 / biz / cgl / ck / diy / fa / ic / jp / lit / sci / vr / vt ] [ index / top / reports ] [ become a patron ] [ status ]
2023-11: Warosu is now out of extended maintenance.

/ck/ - Food & Cooking


View post   

File: 130 KB, 700x700, anMrzeb_700b.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10761345 No.10761345 [Reply] [Original]

>> No.10761365
File: 23 KB, 552x416, skinnyman.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10761365

>>10761345
>1360 calories.
McSkidmark is awful, but 1300 calories ain't gonna do it for even the skinniest Europoor.

>> No.10761372

>>10761365
I regularly go on <1200 and I do just fine. Dumb fatty.

>> No.10761376
File: 20 KB, 306x306, 1521915068994.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10761376

>>10761365
>1300 calories ain't gonna do it
I'm 6'3" 182 lbs and this is about my daily calorie intake you fat piece of shit.

>> No.10761380

>>10761372
That is starvation tier, even for women.

>> No.10761383

>>10761372
>I am 5"1' and weigh 85 pounds
Prisoners get more calories than that.

>> No.10761386

>>10761376
182# = ~82 kilos
Basal metabolism at 82 kilos averages ~1900 kcal/day
You lie.

>> No.10761387

>>10761372
1200 calories is what bariatric doctors put super morbidly obese people on so they quickly lose weight. It's not something meant for most people.

>> No.10761396

>>10761345
>1360 calories
I guess this is for sedentary people.
I'm M /5'11"/180 lbs, and doing 2000 kcl, and next to no physical activity, and slowly gaining weight.

>> No.10761408

>>10761376
>implying you consistently eat at nearly 500 calories under your BMR
You're either constantly losing weight or have very little idea of what your daily intake actually is. Or, you know, lying on the internet for a self-esteem boost.

>> No.10761416

>>10761345
>coffee and bread
>healthy
other than that looks good though. i would all some probiotic food too.

>> No.10761426

>>10761376
Why do you people make up stuff like this? Do you actually think anyone is going to believe you?

>> No.10761429

>>10761345
>sweet potatoes
lol

>> No.10761430
File: 18 KB, 576x359, main-qimg-b90ac1ab85e4353cf409105dea612b32-c.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10761430

>low sodium diet

haha no thanks

>> No.10761432

>>10761396
it's for women and skelly manlets, literally. you'd have to weigh 130 or less to survive on a consistent caloric intake of that level.

>> No.10761436

>>10761345
Wait do some Americans actually eat 3 sandwiches a day?

>> No.10761448

>>10761436
>Some Americans
Some Americans eat their own shit 3X a day. Some Euros do, too. It's a big world, doofus.

>> No.10761451

>>10761448
Huh?

>> No.10761453

>>10761451
Point being that 'some' of any population does retarded stuff.

>> No.10761457

>>10761453
Okay but I asked a question and was hoping to discover the answer...

>> No.10761463

>>10761345
>meat
>healthy

>> No.10761470

I just drink malt liquor and when the pain of not eating becomes to unbearable I eat a burger

probably lost like 40 pounds doing this; I also drink water and vitamin up

>> No.10761471

>>10761457
And I gave you an answer. Look around long enough and you'll find some part of a large group that does whatever you're asking.

Do some britbongs butt-chug Guinness? Probably.
Do some Pajeets *not* shit in the designated street?
Probably.
Do some Aussies not drink beer?
Probably.
Do some Ameritards eat 3 sammies a day?
Probably.

Don't ask idiotic questions.

>> No.10761478

>>10761365
This. I'm 6'8" 240lbs. That's like one meal for me. If that.

>> No.10761493

>>10761426
>I have no understanding of the human body
There are plenty of people like him who eat little and sustain a normal body weight and there are plenty who eat twice or even three times as much daily and are healthy. Everyone handles caloric intakes differently.

>> No.10761509
File: 177 KB, 1528x1184, mutt.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10761509

>>10761345
>breakfast
Drop the hipster cold brew shit, have normal coffee
Drop the eggs
>lunch
drop the animal products
>dinner
quintuple the vegetable portion, drop the meat

>> No.10761512

>>10761345
>nitrate free bacon
the crazy shit fatties do to justify their meatcuck behavior

>> No.10761513

>>10761493
>Calorie needs vary
Certainly true, but 500 kcal under average BMR while maintaining weight is very rare.

>> No.10761534

>>10761509
>Do what I like, not what you like. I am much smarter than you.

>> No.10761536

>>10761430
this
low sodium is a meme
people used to eat salty ass shit meat before refrigeration and dealt with the sodium just fine
(why the fuck do americans call natrium sodium tho)

>> No.10761539

My job have odd shifts, so I have to stay for 2-3 days at a time.
Needless to say there's no kitchen facilities, and only fast food chains near by and small convenience store with canned food.
How do I start to eat healthy?

>> No.10761540

>>10761539
DEENZ

>> No.10761543

>>10761539
Bring food from home. Ask bossman if you can put in a small fridge and microwave. Get work pals to chip in.

>> No.10761550

>>10761345
>implying I eat that garbage on top

>> No.10761554

>>10761493
>I have no understanding of the human body
Apparently you don't if you're arguing with something as basic and well established as BMR.

>> No.10761556

>>10761543
There's already a fridge, as for the microwave I think my friend have an extra one, Though I need to ask the boss if it's OK though.
What kind of food?
Do I just make sandwiches and freeze it?

>> No.10761567

>>10761556
When you cook your meals at home, cook a bit extra and freeze it. No need to take a lot more time preparing meals. Just cook somewhat bigger meals and take those to work. Freezing would probably be ideal if you get the microwave going. Refrigerating works, too, so long as it's only for a couple of days.

>> No.10761584

>>10761567
>Freezing would probably be ideal if you get the microwave going
How long can I keep it?

>> No.10761587

>>10761584
Depends on what it is, but in terms of safety, frozen food lasts a long time -- months, years. In terms of flavor, that depends a lot on food type and packaging.

>> No.10761589

>>10761470
Based.

>>10761376
roughly the same here. sometimes less. Can't believe the amount of lardasses in this thread. 2000 calories is basically an arbitrary amount set by some gov agency. This is why most people are fatasses. They see that as some sort of real world baseline and ignore their actual circumstance completely.

>> No.10761601

>>10761345
That "healthy" lunch is just a small amount of breakfast food with a shitty salad. Theres nothing wrong with the extra couple hundred calories from the sandwich

>> No.10761611

>>10761430
i agree with your sentiment but not the information you're using to support it. estimating sodium intake via measured urinary excretion at a particular time of day is silly, especially without record of fluid intake and expulsion

>> No.10761623

>>10761601
t. fat albert

>> No.10761635

>>10761556
>>10761539
Anything you make will last 2-3 days in the fridge, no need to freeze it. You could also bring the food in frozen and put it in the fridge (not the freezer part) and let it slowly thaw out.

If you get the microwave you can make whatever the fuck you want m8. Though I guess just stick to normally cold foods until you get a microwave going. Sandwiches, wraps, salads. You can your own ingredients and make pico de gallo aka salsa (it's easy as fuck and only requires a knife).

>> No.10761649

>>10761635
>If you get the microwave you can make whatever the fuck you want
What?
I thought you can only re-heat with the microwave?

>> No.10761657

>>10761649
Microwaves are garbage and really only useful for reheating soup like foods, pasta, and frozen vegetables. They ruin every thing else.

>> No.10761659

>>10761649
You can cook food with any heat source, anon. you certainly can cook food in a microwave, though it works best for dishes that are "wet". Think steaming or boiling. It won't make food crispy and it does a poor job of browning so it is limited in what it can do well, but it can certainly cook anything from a safety perspective.

How is it even possible that you are an adult but aren't aware of this?

>> No.10761669

>>10761649
I meant you can make whatever you want beforehand and reheat it in the microwave during your days on

>> No.10761678

>>10761659
>How is it even possible that you are an adult but aren't aware of this?
Mama cooked for me using stove, and didn't allow a microwave inside the house because of "RADIATION"

>> No.10761686

>>10761536
>dealt with the sodium just fine
Average age at death was 38...

>> No.10761691

>>10761678
But surely you must have witnessed microwaves being used for cooking in TV and movies, at friend's houses, in the breakroom at work, and so on....

>> No.10761700

>>10761686
That's because of the high infant mortality you fucking brainlet. You need to take that into account in things like this, people lived plenty long back then if they survived the birth

>> No.10761707

>>10761691
>witnessed microwaves being used for cooking
Not in details, I know there's microwave popcorn.
And you can make microwaved potato, that's about it.

>> No.10761939

>>10761707
If you get a microwave, then you can make a microwave pasta.
1 cup of pasta
1/2 cup if water
microwave it for 3-4 minutes
add seasoning and you're good to go.
It's been my go to dinner whenever I have to stay the night at the office, I have pasta and spam in my desk sitting in case I need it.
And the nice part I don't need refrigerator to keep it from becoming spoiled.

>> No.10761952

>>10761686
>how do averages work again?
fucking idiot

>> No.10762177

>>10761589
This. I'm shorter than 5'1" and 105ish lbs, I would be a fucking whale if I followed the recommended ~1500 calories per day.

>> No.10762228

>>10761345
what the fuck is up with that chicken on the healthy lunch side? It looks like it was fucking steamed and someone just spooned on some cheap spice blend onto it.

>> No.10762245

>>10761372
Early stage anorexic detected.

>> No.10762264

Are there people who really eat all of that shit for breakfast?

oatmeal and a mcmuffin? plus what ever the fuck that drink is supposed to be.

>> No.10762276

>>10761345
>bottled coffee for breakfast
Cave troll tier

>> No.10762361

>>10761372
I was put on a 1200 calorie diet at 350 lbs. because of endocrine issues.

Spoiler alert: I gained weight. That woman shouldn't have her job.

>> No.10762399
File: 21 KB, 248x189, 1513189389164.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10762399

>>10762361
>I was put on a 1200 calorie diet at 350 lbs
>Spoiler alert: I gained weight

>I've just proven wrong the law of thermodynamics

Nice mate.

>> No.10762403

>>10762361
What you did was still overeat and either don't realize it or are lying to us.

>> No.10762599

>>10762361
Boomers can't count.

>> No.10762638

>BMR is over 2k
feels good man

>> No.10762666

>>10761345
3 meals a day is not healthy

>> No.10762700

>>10761345
>muh organic
Women are so easily manipulated by marketing.

>> No.10762704

>>10762361
1200 per day not 1200 per meal

>> No.10762712

>>10761376
/fit/ here
You're full of shit and most likely a fat ass
Gr8 b8 tho can't believe I fell for it

>> No.10762784

>>10762361
Kill yourself fat ass

>> No.10762801

>>10762700
Cuckservative big-agri/chemical white knighters are so easy to spot.

>> No.10763018

>>10762801
toasty roasty spotted
organic is used for marketing purposes more often than not and most companies only bothered with the label when they realize they could siphon more beta bucks from your orbiters

>> No.10763162

>>10761509
Cold brew has around 60% less acid and I have an ulcer so yea, some people like cold brew better. myself included. fight me faget.

>> No.10764583
File: 29 KB, 396x400, wrong.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10764583

>>10762801
"organic" doesn't mean "no chemicals" you naive moron

https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&SID=06b088e611c5f18a4d02ca9945a1c3dd&rgn=div8&view=text&node=7:3.1.1.9.32.7.354.2&idno=7

>> No.10764759
File: 94 KB, 570x855, Auschwitzmode.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10764759

>>10761372
>t.

>> No.10764780

>>10761376
good luck skeleton

>> No.10764823

>>10761372
You're either like 65lbs, a fat fuck trying to crash diet, have an eating disorder, are lying, or are just as bad as regular people about tracking calories. No adult can maintain a 1200kcal/day diet. Maybe a small woman who is bedridden would maintain at that intake.

>> No.10764924
File: 1.31 MB, 2080x1560, img_20180616_050546.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10764924

>> No.10764954

>>10761376
Wut
How is this possible

t. 6'1, 155lb static, 2700 calories per day

>> No.10764958

>>10761376
Remeber to count what you eat between meals....

>> No.10764987

>>10764958
Snacks don't count for your total dumbass

>> No.10765000

>>10761345
If I may gay this thread up a little more, chameleon cold brew was fairly recently bought out by nestle and they're like bad and shit.

>> No.10765005

>>10764987
>he's the dumbass

>> No.10765044

>>10761372
even jews in the 40´s had more calories than that. Don´t lie to us annon

>> No.10765108

Breakfast: 1 egg, 1 toast with butter and jelly, a half-glass of prune juice

Lunch: 1 Apple, 1 protein shake, 1 stick of sugar free gum for teeth cleaning

Dinner: 1/2 chicken breast, 1 and 1/2 cup veggies, 1/2 cup rice, some stir fry sauce

rate my daily regimen.

>> No.10765115
File: 162 KB, 1015x915, 1500823053543.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10765115

>>10762704

>> No.10765149

>>10762666
I've tried 2 meals a day, and that made me go full-on zombie mode. I was having no sort of coherent thoughts.

>> No.10765236

>>10761345
the fuck is nitrate free bacon?

>> No.10765775

>>10761345
I'm not good with nutrient.

But I notice there is hardly any carb in the healthy meal. How is that healthy if that meal doesn't make you feel full at least ?

>> No.10765780

>>10765775
>hardly any carb
breakfast
>oats
>berries
>toast

lunch>
>tomato and cucumber
>sweet potato?

dinner
>green beans
>sweet potato?

>> No.10765785

>>10765775
>carbs
>make you feel full

moron

>> No.10765795

>>10765236
Bacon that hasn't been cured with sodium nitrate.

>> No.10765804

Eh just ditch all processed shit, don't overeat like a retard and you'll be perfectly fine.

>> No.10765823

>>10761345
Why are white people so fucking boring.

>> No.10765842

if we're all so healthy nowadays then why have we also never been so fat?

>> No.10765846

>>10765842
we're not healthy

>> No.10766209

>>10765108
Good overall but rice is trash, no idea why its praised so much. Beans are a much better carb source. More versatile, more tasty/better texture, more protein, and more fiber

Drop that rice shit and get some kidney, garbanzo, or black beans instead

>> No.10766247

>>10761376
boi
182cm 65kg 1700 a day maintain
lying

>> No.10766390

>>10761376
spooky skelly

>> No.10766504

>>10765785
Are you telling me bread, rice and pasta won't fill you up ?

>> No.10766511

>>10766504
this, i will never understand this meme
a bite of bread at the end of a meal is just about everything that makes my stomach satisfied

>> No.10766519

>>10766504
Only for a short time.

>> No.10766547

>>10761463
Meats are whole foods AKA real food AKA not-processed crap. Healthy eating is most importantly eating and cooking raw animal or plant ingredients.

>> No.10766605

>>10761700
Lol what? People died at 38 because the high infant mortality rate?

>> No.10766607
File: 111 KB, 1024x904, 59225027-F2EA-4E31-9805-24873031A886.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10766607

>>10766605
>being this retarded

>> No.10766640

>>10762361
This is just impossible

>> No.10766646

>>10766605
Ha. you're dumb.

>> No.10766648

I guess Americans just can't count
Explains a lot desu

>> No.10766652
File: 22 KB, 500x500, 1523682381343.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10766652

>>10766648
/fast/ here, your diets are all shit

>> No.10766660

>>10766652
You take an average for the whole week/month, if you weren't a brainlet

>> No.10766791

>>10761376
6'1" 180lbs for the past 3 months here, I eat basically like top half some days, others not so bad, don't track but it's past 2500cal/d either way. Also, dropped to 145lbs when I tried eating in the 1300-1500 range for a while, was beginning to get anorexic as fuck and was tired all the time, even while eating enough proteins, fats, carbo etc. and everyone constantly told me I look like a skeleton (145lbs is basically just above malnutrition BMI at that height)
You're full of shit.

>> No.10766807

>>10761436
I was an exchange student in Germany for 3 months in 2010.
Germans eat infinite sandwiches per day. It's common for the matriarch of the family to go to the local bakery and deli every morning to purchase hard rolls, deli meat and cheese, which you eat for all your snack meals through the day. Usually cereal for breakfast and the biggest meal of the day was lunch.

Germans also eat more meals than anyone else. You have breakfast when you first wake up around 8am, then take a "second breakfast" to school to eat around 11am. You go home from school at 1pm to eat a big lunch. Come back to school, bringing more food to eat around 3pm when you're almost done. Leave school at 4pm. Dinner at home at 5:30-6pm. Expect tea and dessert around 8-9pm.

I was a slightly chubby 18 year old when I left America to go eat 18 meals a day in Germany, where they don't drink plain water either and everyone is constantly chugging coke. Lost weight while there.

What I learned is that America factory food on American activity levels is what makes you fat.

>> No.10766820

>>10761345
that's not even close to enough calories fuck tard

>> No.10766823

>>10761372
that's sad

you clearly have emotional and mental issues
and soon to have physical problems too

you don't have to eat crap, just more food

>> No.10767170

>>10762361
want to know how I know that you're lying?

>> No.10767389

>>10761345
>eating heavier on dinner than lunch or breakfast
never understood this one, you're not gonna use any of that, you're gonna go to sleep, even if you have phisical activity in the night like fucking, you are not going to do it on a heavy stomach, if you are going out then is fine, but why people do it in their homes?

>> No.10767407

>>10767389
mr shekelstein has limited me to a 30 minute lunch and i have no access to cooking appliances nor time to use them while toiling in the shekelmines

>> No.10767412

>>10766807
Eh never seen anything like that here in Ger.

>biggest meal lunch
>tea
>dessert
>no water just coke
What trash family did you live with.

>> No.10767897

>>10761365
Lol Adam Carolla got skinny

>> No.10767966

>>10761365
lmao 1300 calories.

bitch i need 1800 minimum and thats if im not even doing anything

fucking neets

>> No.10768446

>>10761345
Did they punch that sub sandwich?

>> No.10768791

>>10761345
Here's an idea, why not just skip dinner?

>> No.10769838

>>10761345
>eating breakfast at all
>McDonalds coffee full of sugar and cream bad
>cold brew coffee with no sugar and cream good!
>can't just get McDonalds coffee with no cream and sugar
Fucking retarded.

>> No.10769852

>>10767389
You want to digest after and before working, not while working.

>> No.10769869

>>10761345
there's no way those calories are right
the oatmeal/quinoa and potatoes have a shit ton of starch
the bacon is probably 120 calories by itself
of course, eating healthy is good but those portion sizes have been exaggerated to make dieting more appealing

>> No.10769928

Gotta include that 5 DOLLAR cold brew.

>> No.10769958
File: 145 KB, 960x850, ! 1512818234633.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10769958

>>10761345

>> No.10770062

>>10761509
>(You)
Drop the faggotry, quintuple the testosterone.

>> No.10770499
File: 146 KB, 300x450, 1418331524578.png [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10770499

It's easy as shit to eat healthy from a flat caloric intake perspective. The problem is most people either make up the difference in alcohol, feel compelled to finish their entire meal because portion sizes in the US are obscene, or eat out of boredom while failing to count them towards their caloric intake.

>> No.10771473

>>10767389
Eating most of your calories and protein closer to bedtime instead of closer to wake-up time improves calorie partitioning, meaning, less calories into fat and more into muscle. Testosterone levels are highest during sleep and sleep is when the body recovers. Having food digesting and providing nutrients during this is good. Mostly relevant to /fit/fags who want to build muscle and minimize fat gain or lose fat while retaining muscle.
Otherwise, meal timing ought to be assumed irrelevant until personal experience tells you otherwise. You're not gonna get fat because of eating a big dinner. Needing to eat before activity isn't a hard rule that applies to everyone. Your experience to working while fasted is individual and not a hard rule. People do intermittent fasting and go through their workdays even fully fasted and are fine. Others don't.

>> No.10771533

>>10761376
>>10764987
MYSTERY SOLVED

>> No.10771822

>>10761376
You would need about 2400 a day to maintain that weight.

>> No.10771839

>>10761345
>Hidden Ingredients: vegetable oil
Big if true

>> No.10771861

>>10761345
>Eating Healthy
Why the hell would I want to live longer in this shit world eating yucky food, when I can die at 50 with a happy stomach?

>> No.10772198

>>10761376
science says either you're in .0001% of the population thats basal metabolic rate would support that, or you're full of shit. I'm voting absolutely full of shit, if you went a year at a 800-1000 calorie a day deficit you'd lose 80+ pounds.

>> No.10772205

>>10764954
its not unless he has some weird medical condition.

t. 6 foot, 190, about 2500-3000 a day.

>> No.10772212
File: 299 KB, 493x342, retardalert1507150824953.gif [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10772212

>>10764987

>> No.10772215
File: 56 KB, 531x447, 1430977864696.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10772215

>>10771839

>> No.10772265

>>10762801
You think that organic means no pesticides? If you attempted large scale organic farming without pesticides, you would lose about 3/4th of your crop to disease and pest

>> No.10772336

>>10761376
Im 6'2 and 132 lb you fat piece of shit, kys.

>> No.10772343

Reminder that if you ever want to work out and gain muscle, low calorie diets kill gians and dont give you enough energy to complete excercises strong. I notice if I dont get enough calories the day before or day of, my runs tends to be longer and more painful.

>> No.10772355

>>10772265
>you would lose about 3/4th of your crop to disease and pest
>big agri/chemical said so, so it must be true
Name 5 pest control methods that don't use broad spectrum pesticides and 5 agriculture cultural practices that dramatically reduce insect pest infestations
>b-but they can't be scaled up because big chemical/agri said so
Bullshit. They've literally blocked funding to investigate scaling up sustainable agriculture as opposed to scorched earth methods. There are small and medium sized growers who don't use broad spectrums and have only minor cosmetic damage.

>> No.10772357

>>10762361
>t. snacked inbetween meals
>t. didnt count drinks

>> No.10772360

>>10772336
7'2 and 100 lb here, holy fuck fatass you need to stop eatin so much

>> No.10772362

>>10765108
Sounds boring.

>> No.10772371

>>10772360
Im a mere prince skeleton to this king of skeletons.

>> No.10772815

>>10761376
To keep that weight you either have the metabolism of your average 70 year old or you're severely underestimating your intake (protip: it's the latter).

>> No.10772833

>>10772815
Protip: it's neither, and you're replying to bait

>> No.10772847

>>10772833
I'm sure it was bait but I don't mind replying seriously.

>> No.10773037

>>10761509
go eat a carrot ugly

>> No.10773068

>>10772847
Huh?

>> No.10773160

>>10761657
Steam in bag veggies are a patrician tier time saver.

>> No.10773243

>>10761470
literally this
I've lost like 15 lbs without noticing because I was getting smashed a few times a week and skipping dinner

>> No.10774340

>>10761432
This. I maintain 125-130 at 5'6 by eating 1200 a day. Am a woman.

>> No.10774510

>>10761345
Theres no way that amount of oatmeal along with eggs on toast is only 415 calories

>> No.10774537

>>10774340
Can I eat your butt?

>> No.10776520

>>10774510
2 eggs and a slice of toast is around 200-220 calories, the coffee is basically none if it's black, so that leaves the rest for the oatmeal and fruit. I don't think it's completely out of the question.

>> No.10776544

>>10776520
>2 eggs and a slice of toast is around 200-220 calories
270-300*

>> No.10776561

>>10776544
If you slather it in butter, I guess. Eggs are 70 calories each, your average slice of wheat bread is also 70 calories. Maybe 250 is a more reasonable estimate to allow for some butter in there.

>> No.10776578
File: 14 KB, 404x230, DftWUfiUEAAfBDD.jpg [View same] [iqdb] [saucenao] [google]
10776578

>>10761345
>not doing omad

>> No.10776659

Why does this infographic assume my McDonalds coffee will have sugar in it? Once you get rid of the sugar content in the coffee the difference between the top and the bottom is almost negligible when it comes to weight loss/gain

>> No.10776662

>>10761345
The sodium content for the "bad" dinner has to be wrong

>> No.10776998

>>10761376
And this is why crazy diets are a thing. People will believe anything. Even their own lies.